Tag Archives: CO2 emission

1627-1639 Y. Olifir, A. Нabryel, T. Partyka, O. Havryshko and H. Konyk
Diagnosis of the functional state of transformed acid soils agroecosystems depending on long-term anthropogenic loads
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Diagnosis of the functional state of transformed acid soils agroecosystems depending on long-term anthropogenic loads

Y. Olifir*, A. Нabryel, T. Partyka, O. Havryshko and H. Konyk

Institute of Agriculture of Carpathian region NAAS, 5, Hrushevskoho Str., UA81115 Obroshyne, Pustomyty district, Lviv region, Ukraine

Abstract:

The main priority of agro industrial production has always been and remains to provide
the global population and its yearly increments with food food. The issue of soil fertility improvement is still the most important task of agricultural science. The assessment of the agroecological condition of Albic Stagnic Luvisol using carbon dioxide emission, redox potential, and biotic activity was carried out, based on modern methodological approaches, such as soil quality evaluation via ecologically-related biological parameters. Carbone dioxide emission, redox, and biological processes in long-term stationary experiment depend on the degree of soil acidity reduction. Soil acidification can be minimized through chemical melioration with the combined application of different doses of mineral fertilizers and manure. It was found that carbon dioxide emission is optimal in an organo-mineral fertilizing system with application of 10 t of manure per 1 ha and N65Р68K68 with lime dose (2.5 t ha-1) calculated according to pH buffering capacity. It is due to oxidative and moderately oxidative conditions created. This organo-mineral fertilizing system also increases the number of aerobic bacteria and overall biological activity. The mineral fertilization and the use of Albic Stagnic Luvisol without fertilizers are accompanied by increased mineralization, growth of reductive processes, and the number of moulds. Studies have shown that it is advisable to include CO2 emission, redox potential and biological activity along with physicochemical and agrochemical soil properties to assess the influence of different anthropogenic loads on soil formation.

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303-310 M.R. Khaledian, , J.C. Mailhol and P. Ruelle
Impacts of direct seeding into mulch on the CO2 mitigation
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Impacts of direct seeding into mulch on the CO2 mitigation

M.R. Khaledian¹, ²⋅*, J.C. Mailhol¹ and P. Ruelle¹

¹UMR G-EAU Irstea, BP 5095, 34196 Montpellier Cedex 05 France 2University of Guilan, P.O. Box 41635-1314, Rasht, Iran *Correspondence: mohammad.khaledian@irstea.fr

Abstract:

The development of agricultural systems with low energy input could help to reduce agricultural greenhouse gas emissions. Tillage consumes nearby 50% of the direct energy in a conventional tillage system (CT). Current agricultural policies seek to promote crop production systems that minimize fossil energy input for a high level of output. One possible solution can be conservation tillage, in which tillage will be reduced or even completely eliminated, such as direct seeding into mulch (DSM). Conservation tillage can both reduce diesel consumption and sequestrate C into soil, resulting in CO2 mitigation. The present study assessed the impact of DSM on CO2 mitigation compared with CT. An experimental study has been carried out at Lavalette experimental station in Montpellier in south-east France. The diesel consumption for field operations was measured in both DSM and CT. Soil C concentration was also measured. CO2 emission was calculated considering CO2 emission from diesel combustion and organic carbon variations in soil during the field trial. The results showed that using DSM resulted in less diesel consumption compared with CT (about 50%). Furthermore, DSM increased C content of soil (1,671 kg. ha-1 year-1). The consequence of these two positive impacts of DSM resulted in considerable CO2 mitigation.

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113-124 K. Sty�a and A. Sawicka
Seasonal changes in biochemical and microbiological activity of soil against the background of differentiated irrigation in an apple tree orchard after replantation
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Seasonal changes in biochemical and microbiological activity of soil against the background of differentiated irrigation in an apple tree orchard after replantation

K. Sty�a¹ and A. Sawicka²

¹Research Center for Agricultural and Forest Environment, Polish Academy of Science,
60-809 Pozna�, Poland; e-mail: styla.katarzyna@gmail.com
²Department of Agricultural Microbiology, University of Life Science, Pozna�, 60-656,
Pozna�, Poland

Abstract:

The objective of the studies included seasonal changes in the activity of enzymes, emission CO2 and microbiological activity of soil against the background of differentiated irrigation in an apple tree (Malus domestica) orchard after replantation. The most important activity of enzymes and the number of microorganisms were confirmed in the seasons of spring and autumn, while the lowest activity was observed in summer. The highest dehydrogenase activity was found in the last year (from 0.43 to 2.42 cm3 kg-1) and the lowest the in second year (from 0.19 to 0.58 cm3 kg-1). A high protease activity was recorded in the last year (from 1.25 to 12.08 mg kg-1) and low in the second year (from 1.65 to 3.47 mg kg-1). The highest urease activity was observed in the first year (from 1.17 to 6.42 �mol g-1) and the lowest in the second year (from 0.74 to 2.82 �mol g-1). High intensity of emission CO2 was noted in summer. The highest CO2 emission was found in the last year (from 29.32 to 46.86 mg kg-1) and the lowest in the second year (from 15.35 to 27.95 mg kg-1). The highest number of fungi was found in the soil of the combination without irrigation – W0. A high number of Azotobacter, actinomycetes, proteolytic bacteria, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, enzymes activity and CO2 emission almost always were observed in the soil in the irrigation combination – W1 or W2.

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