Resistance to fungal diseases of apple cultivars and hybrids in Lithuania
Lithuanian Institute of Horticulture, LT-54334, Babtai, Kaunas district, Lithuania
* Corresponding author; e-mail: A.Sasnauskas@lsdi.lt
Abstract:
Thirty apple (Malus domestica Mill.) cultivars and hybrids were evaluated for resistance to scab (Venturia inaequalis (Cke.) Wint.), apple blotch (Phyllosticta mali Pr.at Del.) and canker (Nectria galligena Bres.). Resistance to scab and apple blotch were studied in 2003–2005 and to canker in 2005. Injuries caused by fungal diseases were evaluated according to a 6 point scale: 0 – no disease symptoms detected on leaves or branches, 5 – injured more than 75% of leaf area or, in the case of canker, the branch is girdled by distorted area. Meteorological conditions were favourable or moderately favourable for the development of pathogens. It was ascertained that apple hybrids No 20429 and No 20016 are characterized as complex-resistant to scab, apple blotch and canker. Cultivar ‘Kurnakovskoe’ and hybrids No 19399, No 19707, No 19646, No 19942, No 20235, No 20239, No 20978 and No 24-40-52 are characterized as complex-resistant to scab and apple blotch. Cultivars ‘Delikates’, ‘Anteĭ’, hybrids No 25-50-126 and No 25-50-132 were the most sensitive to scab; ‘Pamyať Syubarovoĭ’ and No 25-51-122, to apple blotch, and ‘Katja’, ‘Yubilyar’, ‘Pamyať Syubarovoĭ’, ‘Bolotovskoe’ and No 19942, to canker.
Key words:
apple, apple blotch, cultivar, european cancer, hybrid, resistance, scab