Tag Archives: manure management

1782–1794 H. Roubík, J. Mazancová, R.C. Situmeang, A. Brunerová and T.M. Simatupang
Livestock manure management practices in rural households in Tapanuli Utara regency of North Sumatra
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Livestock manure management practices in rural households in Tapanuli Utara regency of North Sumatra

H. Roubík¹, J. Mazancová¹*, R.C. Situmeang², A. Brunerová³ and T.M. Simatupang²

¹Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences, Department of Sustainable Technologies, Kamýcká 129, CZ 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic
²Del Institute of Technology, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Department of Engineering Management, Kabupaten Toba Samosir, Sumatera Utara ID 22381, Indonesia
³Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Material Science and Manufacturing Technology, Kamýcká 129, CZ 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic
*Corresponding author: mazan@ftz.czu.cz

Abstract:

Livestock manure management is a big challenge for low income economies including the region of North Sumatra, Indonesia. Currently, low percentages of manure managed cause illegal disposals, and negative impacts on public health and environment. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the current trends among livestock manure management practices in rural households and to recognize potential problems with it. The questionnaire survey using randomly selected households (n = 196) was administered in the province of North Sumatra, Tapanuli Utara regency, from July to August 2014; then followed by several field visits from August to September 2016. Data obtained in the survey were analysed with descriptive statistics and cross tabulation. Majority (81%) of rural households handle manure in the process of either composting (75%) or sun-drying (6%). Remaining 6% of the respondents does not handle manure at all. Manure could represent valuable energy and plant nutrition resource, if used appropriately. However, if not handled at all or handled inappropriately, it can lead to the environmental problems. Our results revealed that current ways of stabling of livestock are inappropriate from the environmental perspective. The stabling has got only dusty earthen floor, which makes difficult for farmers wash out the excrements and pollution. Hence, there is a need to improve manure management practice to eliminate potential threats as current practices do not protect either humans, animals or environment against the risk of contamination with potential zoonotic pathogens.

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866–876 E. Shalavina, A. Briukhanov, R. Uvarov, E. Vasilev
Method for selection of pig manure processing technologies
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Method for selection of pig manure processing technologies

E. Shalavina*, A. Briukhanov, R. Uvarov, E. Vasilev

Institute for Engineering and Environmental Problems in Agricultural Production – IEEP, Department of Environmental Engineering of Agricultural Production, 3, Filtrovskoje Shosse, p.o. Tiarlevo, Saint Petersburg-Pavlovsk RU196625, Russia.
*Correspondence: shalavinaev@mail.ru

Abstract:

The criteria, which take into account both economic and environmental indicators, were suggested for assessment of technologies and selection of the most reasonable solution. The method of Pareto optimization was applied. Technologies suited for the North-West Russia were considered to design a mathematical model and to obtain the required indicators for the criteria calculation. The technology of multi-stage processing of pig manure with cyclic sedimentation tanks was studied in more detail based on a separate, specially designed three-level mathematical model. The objective function was the eco-economic index of nitrogen, which is the ratio between the economic benefit from the marketed yield increment and the costs of nutrients retention in the organic fertilizers applied to soil under the harvested crop yield. The resulting simulation data were substantiated by experimental studies. A mathematical model and an algorithm for selecting the best-suited technology were designed. As the calculation process involved a large bulk of data, the WEB programming was used. Simulation results demonstrated 90% accurate choice of technology. The designed model was tested for the conditions of a pig complex in Leningrad Region with the manure output of 150 t per day and no own farmland for organic fertilizer application. Calculations proved the economic and ecological effectiveness of the multi-stage processing of pig manure: operating costs per one ton of produced organic fertilizer were reduced 1.8 times, fuel costs – 1.4 times and labour costs – 3.3 times. The chosen technology also featured higher ecological safety coefficient. Estimated ecological and economic effect of introduction of this technology amounted to 5936 thousand roubles per year.

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540–552 H. Roubík, J. Mazancová,, L.D. Phung and D.V. Dung
Quantification of biogas potential from livestock waste in Vietnam
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Quantification of biogas potential from livestock waste in Vietnam

H. Roubík¹, J. Mazancová¹,*, L.D. Phung² and D.V. Dung²

¹ Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences, Department of Sustainable Technologies, Kamýcká 129, CZ165 00 Prague, Czech Republic
² Hue University of Agriculture and Forestry, Hue University, 102 Phung Hung, Hue city, Thua Thien Hue, Vietnam
*Corresponding author: mazan@ftz.czu.cz

Abstract:

Quantification of biogas potential in Vietnam is highly needed to provide sufficient information for authorities properly support their future policy decisions. To achieve the aim of this investigation, two methods were applied: (i) the method for calculation of the amount of manure and its biogas potential from chosen livestock obtained from statistical data and (ii) the method for future forecast using middle scenario applications based on previous development of specific category, presuming homogenous continuation of growth. The total biogas energy potential in Vietnam was quantified to approximate 120,000 T Jy-1 in 2015 and has the potential of increasing to 127,000 TJ y-1 by 2020. However, when considering current manure management practices (including accessibility factor and collection efficiency) biogas potential was quantified to the values of almost 67,000 T Jy-1 in 2015 and over 71,000 T Jy-1 by 2020 if the current manure management practices remain unchanged. Biogas has the potential of generating renewable energy, while meeting requirements related to waste treatment and minimizing environmental impacts. This study shows that animal waste is a promising sustainable energy source in Vietnam which can be efficiently utilized for the generation of biogas energy as well as electricity. Furthermore, anaerobic digestion of livestock waste has the potential to play a vital role in farming systems by adding value to agricultural waste and livestock excreta, and reducing their presence in the environment therefore enhancing public health. There is a high development potential for the decentralized energy generation due to the exploitation of small-scale biogas plants in Vietnam. However, it is essential to realize that competition to other energy generating technologies is present.

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