Tag Archives: vegetation period

472–482 I. Kuznetsov,, F. Davletov, N. Anokhina, I. Akhmadullina and F. Safin
Influence of weather condtion on the field peas (PisumsativumL.ssp. sativum) vegetation period and yield
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Influence of weather condtion on the field peas (PisumsativumL.ssp. sativum) vegetation period and yield

I. Kuznetsov¹,*, F. Davletov², N. Anokhina¹, I. Akhmadullina¹ and F. Safin¹

¹Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Bashkir State Agrarian University”, Department ofPlant Growing, Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, 50 Anniversary of October Str., 34, RU450001 Ufa, Russia
²Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Bashkir State Agrarian University”, Laboratory of Biochemical Analysis and Biotechnology, 50 Anniversary of October Str., 34, RU450001 Ufa, Russia

Abstract:

Field pea (Pisumsativum L. ssp. sativum) is a universal pulse crop. One of the actual problems in its production is the influence of weather condition on the variability of pea economic characters and its properties. The purpose of the research (2009–2018) was to compare the vegetation period and interstage periods of the Hangildin and Chishminskiy 229 pea varieties with weather condition and seed yield. According to the results of the conducted research, it can be seen that the duration of the vegetation period and the yield of field pea grain was influenced by weather condition. The average daily air temperature affected the duration of the sowingsprouting period in pea varieties Hangildin and Chishminskiy 229. The duration of the two periods (sprouting-flowering and flowering-ripeness) was influenced by features of the used varieties and the temperature condition (r = -0.472, the link is significant and r = -0.788). The duration of the sprouting-ripeness period depended on the average daily temperatures (r = -0.481), the amount of precipitation (r = 0.937), and the HTC (hydrothermal coefficient) (r = 0.927). Precipitation increased the duration of the full vegetation period (r = 0.892). On average, over 10 years of research on field pea it should be noted that there wasa close relationship between the duration of its vegetation period (r = 0.844), the duration of the flowering-ripeness period (r = 0.679) and the yield of seeds. The relationship between the seed yield and the sowing – sprouting period (r = 0.451) and between the seed yield and the sprouting – flowering period (r = 0.446) was revealed. The connection was found positive. The connection with the average daily air temperature of this period was negative (r = -0.213). The results of the research can be successfully used during cultivation of domestic and foreign varieties of field pea. In international practice, the results of this experiment can be successfully applied in selective improvement of field pea and the development of new, high-tech varieties.

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317–326 N. Borys and A. Küüt
The influence of basic soil tillage methods and weather conditions on the yield of spring barley in forest-steppe conditions
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The influence of basic soil tillage methods and weather conditions on the yield of spring barley in forest-steppe conditions

N. Borys¹* and A. Küüt²

¹National Science Center, Institute of Agriculture NAAS Ukraine,
Mashinostroiteley Str. 2b, UK 08162 habany, Ukraine
²Estonian University of Life Sciences, Institute of Technology, Kreutzwaldi 56,
EE51014 Tartu, Estonia
*Correspondence: agrokaktys@mail.ru

Abstract:

The research on the effect the main methods of soil treatment have on its hydrophysical properties was carried out as a stationary experiment at the National Scientific Centre, Institute of Agriculture NAAS. It included a grain crop rotation with the subsequent crop sequencing: winter wheat/grain maize/barley. In 2013–2015, the spring barley variety ‘Solntsedar’ was sown. Throughout the three years of research, the consistency of the effect of the main soil treatment methods on the overall yield stayed more or less the same. Reduction in barley grain yield against the backdrop of long-term disking at the depth of 10–12 cm is explained by the thickening of the 10–30 cm layer of soil to the critical level of 1.57 g cm-3, moisture deficiency, as a result of the over-compaction of the root layer, and an increase in the amount of sterile spikelets. As the result of our research, we have come to a conclusion that for barley, soil disking at the depth of 10–12 cm is as good as ploughing if it is used as a part of differential treatment system, which includes ploughing at the depth of 28–30 cm or chisel tilling at 43–45 cm for its preceding crops. If disking was used for all crops of the grain crop rotation, a deterioration of hydrophysical properties was observed in the barley field, which can lead to a considerable reduction in the barley yield, especially in a dry cultivation year. 

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430-435 R. Nekrošienė
Cultivation possibilities for Thyme, an important medicinal plant, in Western Lithuania
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Cultivation possibilities for Thyme, an important medicinal plant, in Western Lithuania

R. Nekrošienė

Botanical Garden of Klaipėda University, Kretingos 92, LT–92327 Klaipėda, Lithuania;tel. + 370 46 398833, fax. + 370 46 398837; e-mail: rita_nekrosiene@mail.ru

Abstract:

The cultivated medicinal plant production covers only 4–6% of the demand for raw material of the pharmaceutical industry in Lithuania, suggesting that medicinal plant cultivation may be an alternative business for organic farming. Phenology and biological parameters (plant height in flowering phase, number of twigs, air-dry mass), occurrence of diseases and pests of some medicinal plants, as Thymus serpyllum, T. pulegioides and T. vulgaris were studied in the field collection at the Botanical Garden of Klaipeda university (Western Lithuania) in 2001–2006. It was established that the beginning of the vegetation period of T. pulegioides was the same in different years. The amount of precipitation and average air temperature at the beginning of vegetation had influence on the preparation time of medicinal material by thyme, especially T. pullegioides and T. vulgaris. Air-dry mass of T. pulegioides was by 4–18 g m-2 more than the mass of T. serpyllum and T. vulgaris. Pests infected Thymus by 4.5–8.8%; severity of diseases varied from 0.5 to 4.5% in different years.

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