Tag Archives: Venturia inaequalis

528-531 K. Tiirmaa, T. Univer and N. Univer
The evaluation of scab resistant apple cultivars in Estonia
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The evaluation of scab resistant apple cultivars in Estonia

K. Tiirmaa, T. Univer and N. Univer

Polli Horticultural Research Centre of the Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciencesof Estonian University of Life Sciences, Polli, 69108, Viljandimaa, Estonia;e-mail: krista.tiirmaa@emu.ee

Abstract:

At Polli Horticultural Research Centre currently over 400 apple accessions are being maintained, including 47 local cultivars and 14 scab resistant cultivars. Cultivars „Imrus‟, „Chistotel‟, „Orlovim‟, „Pamyat Issayeva‟, „Pervinka‟, „Pioner Orlovski‟ and „Slavyanin‟ were introduced from the All-Russian Research Institute of Breeding of Horticultural Crops at Orel. Cultivars were assessed for tree phenology stage, weight of the fruit, yield per tree, occurrence of apple scab and the biochemical content of the fruit. No scab infections were found on these cultivars during the evaluation years at Polli. „Orlovim‟ was the earliest and „Pioner Orlovski‟ the latest bloomer. „Chistotel‟ and „Slavyanin‟ achieved the highest yield per tree. „Pamyat Issayeva‟ and „Pervinka‟ gave the largest fruits. All 7 cultivars possessed relatively high levels of acidity and because of that they are not best suited for fresh consumption.

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536-541 A. Valiuškaitė, L. Raudonis, J. Lanauskas, A. Sasnauskas and E. Survilienė
Disease incidence on different cultivars of apple tree for organic growing
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Disease incidence on different cultivars of apple tree for organic growing

A. Valiuškaitė, L. Raudonis, J. Lanauskas, A. Sasnauskas and E. Survilienė

Lithuanian Institute of Horticulture, Laboratory of Plant Protection, Kauno 30,LT-54333 Babtai, Kaunas distr., Lithuania; e-mail: a.valiuskaite@lsdi.lt

Abstract:

The incidence of diseases in fourteen apple cultivars and three hybrids planted in an orchard and managed under an organic system were examined in Lithuania in 2007–2008. Infection by leaf blotch (Phyllosticta spp.), apple scab (Venturia inaequalis) and powdery mildew (Podosphaera leucotricha), bark diseases and physiological damage to fruit were evaluated. During experimental years apple trees cv. ‘Aldas’ were the most damaged by leaf blotch, the disease incidence and intensity was 42% and 13%, respectively. Cultivars ‘Florina’, ‘Enterprise®’, ‘Roksana’, ‘Rajka’ and hybrid No 20490 were damaged less than 10% by leaf blotch. The most damaged (39–55%) by scab on leaves were cvs. ‘Pilot’ and ‘Pinova’ apple trees; meanwhile, the fruits were slightly damaged. Powdery mildew was observed only in cv. ‘Lodel’, the incidence was 23%. Physiological damage was observed mostly on cvs. ‘Goldstar’ and ‘Aldas’ fruits. No bark diseases were observed on any apple tree cultivars and hybrids.

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413-416 K. Tiirmaa, N. Univer and T. Univer
Evaluation of apple cultivars for scab resistance in Estonia
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Evaluation of apple cultivars for scab resistance in Estonia

K. Tiirmaa, N. Univer and T. Univer

Polli Horticultural Research Centre of the Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences,Estonian University of Life Science, 69104Karksi-Nuia, Estonia; e-mail: krista.tiirmaa@emu.ee

Abstract:

In the economic sense, apple scab caused by Venturia inaequalis (Cke.) Wint is a most dangerous disease of apple trees in Estonia. Control of the disease is of major concern to apple growers and lack of control results in unmarketable fruit. Therefore it is very important for growers to know the apple scab resistance of the cultivars in the orchard, since the most susceptible ones should be avoided. Cultivating disease-resistant varieties seems to be an optimum alternative to chemical control. In 2002, 2003 and 2005 susceptibility to apple scab of 102 apple cultivars was evaluated in the apple collection garden at the Polli Horticultural Research Centre. The purpose of the study was to identify cultivars in the Polli apple collection that have good scab resistance. About 30% of the cultivars assessed had very little or no disease incidence. Among thegenetically resistant cultivars were ‘Imrus’, ‘Chistotel’, ‘Orlovim’, ‘Orlovskij Pioner’, ‘Pamjat Isajeva’, ‘Pervinka’, ‘Slavyanin’, ‘Liberty’ and ‘Freedom’. Many old and local cultivars showed low incidence of disease. Rapid development of the infection was recorded on five cultivars: ‘Borovinka Ananasnaya’, ‘Pirja’, ‘Maikki’, ‘Mantet’, and ‘Red Atlas’.

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