Protein content and composition in organically grown wheat: influence of genotype
Department of Agriculture – Farming Systems, Technology and Product Quality, Faculty ofLandscape Planning, The Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 104,SE-23053 Alnarp, Sweden; e-mail: Abrar.Hussain@ltj.slu.se
Abstract:
Abstract: Protein composition and content play a critical role in bread quality and are governed by genetic factors. Organically grown primitive wheats, Triticum monococcum, T. dicoccum, T. spelta, old landraces and early Swedish breeding lines from the period 1900 to 1960 were tested for their protein composition and the amount and size distribution of polymeric proteins. Protein composition was determined by SDS-PAGE. The amount and size distribution of polymeric protein was carried out using SE-HPLC. The studies showed that genotype had an influence on the amount and size distribution of polymeric proteins in organically grown wheat. The variation in storage protein composition and the amount and size distribution of polymeric proteins in the organically grown wheat genotypes indicated significant variation among the genotypes. Also, variation in protein concentration was found between the investigated organically grown spring wheat varieties. This study showed that the primitive wheat varieties, and some breeding selections of wheat, have high protein contents and might be used as breeding materials for high-gluten strength organically grown wheat varieties.
Key words:
genotypes; protein composition; protein concentration; organic farming; wheat