Tag Archives: red clover

793-800 H. Kaldmäe, O. Kärt, A. Olt, A. Selge. I. Keres
Inoculant effects on red clover silage fermentation products and nutritive value
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Inoculant effects on red clover silage fermentation products and nutritive value

H. Kaldmäe¹, O. Kärt¹, A. Olt, A¹. Selge². I. Keres²

¹Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences,
²Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences,
Kreutzwaldi 1, EE51014 Tartu, Estonia; e-mail: helgi.kaldmae@emu.ee

Abstract:

The study investigated effects of five different microbial inoculants on silage fermentation and nutritive value. Silage was prepared from red clover-rich material with dry matter content after 24 hours of wilting of 170 g kgí1 for the first cut and 430 g kgí1 for the second cut. Tests with five different commercial inoculants were based on different strains of Lactobacillus plantarum which were used alone or in combinations with other lactic acid bacteria (1/BO, 2/BI, 3/SI, 4/EC, 5/BM), and chemical additive (CHEM) were used. Six commercial additives were compared with the untreated control. The additives were applied to fresh forage at the levels recommended by the manufacturers. Chemical compositions of the first and second cut of red clover were significantly different í crude protein 176 g kgí1 and 143 g kgí1 ; NDF 366 g kgí1 and 503 g kgí1 DM respectively. In the first trial, silages treated with 2/BI had lower levels of acetic acid 25.5 g kgí1 and ethanol 8.0 g kgí1 compared to the control values of 35.6 g kgí1 and 11.6 g kgí1 (P<0.05). Otherwise, the pH, and contents of ammonia nitrogen, ethanol and organic acids were no different from the control silage. In the second trial, silage treated with 1/BO and 4/EC showed the highest contents of lactic acid. Compared to the untreated control silage, the acetic acid content was lower in silages treated with 2/BI, 3/SI and 5/BM (P<0.05). The lactic acid:acetic acid ratio was higher in inoculated silages: for 1/BO, 2/BI; 3/SI, 4/EC and 5/BM it was 2.73; 2.17; 1.98; 2.03 and 2.87, respectively. The same ratio for the control silage was 1.83. All commercial inoculants improved the fermentation quality of red clover silage under the conditions stated. No differences were found between dry matter in vitro digestibility of the inoculated and the control silage for both the first and second cut. Digestibility of the red clover silage treated with CHEM was higher than that of the control silage by 4.6% for the first cut and by 7.3% for the second cut (P<0.001).

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327-330 R. Repšienė and R. Nekrošiene
Resistance of red clover to diseases and pests under different growing conditions
Abstract |

Resistance of red clover to diseases and pests under different growing conditions

R. Repšienė¹ and R. Nekrošiene²

¹Vezaiciai Branch, Lithuanian Institute of Agriculture, Gargzdu 29, VezaiciaiLT-96216 Klaipeda distict, Lithuania; e-mail: regina@vezaiciai.lzi.lt
²Botanical Garden of Klaipeda University, Kretingos 92, LT-92327 Klaipeda, Lithuania;e-mail: bot.sodas@one.lt

Abstract:

Experiments were carried out in the Vėžaičiai Branch of the Lithuanian Institute of Agriculture (West Lithuania region) in 1998−1999 and 2005. The aim of this research was to estimate the incidence of diseases and pests of red clover in soils with different agrochemical characteristics. The soil acidity varied from 3.9-6.7, available P2O5 from 47–317, available K2Ofrom 100–360 mg kg-1, amount of humus from 1.71–2.36%. Ecological conditions of soils contained differing amounts of lime, mineral and organic fertilizers.Common leaf spot (agent Pseudopeziza trifolii (Biv.-Bern:Fr.) Fuskel) had a 1.3−1.7greater incidence on the red clover growing in the soil with pHKCl 3.9−4.9 in comparison withthose grown in the soil with pHKCl 5.7−6.7, and with intensively damaged red clover whichgrew in soils with fewer nutrients. Increasing the quantity of nutritious materials increased the incidence of powdery mildew (agent Erysiphe polygoni DC.) in 1999 and 2005 but reduced the incidence of clover seed weevil in soils with pHKCl 5.7−6.7 in those years.

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