Tag Archives: broilers

xxx E. Widiastuti, D. Febrianti, H.I. Wahyuni, T. Yudiarti, I. Agusetyaningsih, R. Murwani, T.A. Sartono and S. Sugiharto
Effect of fermented purple sweet potato flour on physiological conditions and intestinal conditions of broiler chickens
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Effect of fermented purple sweet potato flour on physiological conditions and intestinal conditions of broiler chickens

E. Widiastuti, D. Febrianti, H.I. Wahyuni, T. Yudiarti, I. Agusetyaningsih, R. Murwani, T.A. Sartono and S. Sugiharto*

Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal and Agricultural Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, 50275, Central Java, Indonesia
*Correspondence: sgh_undip@yahoo.co.id

Abstract:

The study investigated the effect of fermented purple sweet potato flour (PSPF) on intestinal and physiological health of broilers. A 189-day-old broiler chicks were divided into T0 (diet based on corn and soybean meal), T1 (diet containing 15% unfermented PSPF), and T2 (diet containing 15% fermented PSPF). Samples collection and measurement were conducted at day 35. The T2 chicks had greater (p < 0.05) weight gain than T1, but did not differ from T0. Feed conversion ratio (FCR) was better (p < 0.05) in T2 than in T1. The mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH) and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) were higher (P < 0.05) in T2 than in T0 and T1 groups. Haemoglobin tended (p = 0.08) to be lower in in T2 than in T0 and T1 groups. Heterophils were higher (p = 0.05) in T2 than in T0 and T1 groups. Total cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) were higher (p < 0.05) in T0 than in T1. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) tended (p = 0.06) to be lower in T1 than that in T0. Total protein and globulin were higher (p < 0.05) in T0 than that in T1 and T2. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) to coliform ratio in the ileum was higher (p < 0.05) in T2 than in T0. LAB counts tended (p = 0.08) to be greater in T2 than in other chickens. T1 tended (p = 0.09) to have a smaller number of lactose negative Enterobacteriaceae (LNE) in caecum as compared to that of T0 chicks. T2 tended (p = 0.09) to have a lower crypt depth than T0. In conclusion, feeding fermented purple sweet potato flour contributes for the better growth, feed conversion, immune defence, bacterial population and morphology of the small intestine.

Key words:

bacteria, broilers, energy source, fermentation, immune response, intestine

1134-1150 Y. Sapsuha, E. Suprijatna, S. Kismiati and S. Sugiharto
Possibility of using nutmeg flesh (Myristica fragrans houtt) extract in broiler diet to improve intestinal morphology, bacterial population, blood profile and antioxidant status of broilers under high-density condition
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Possibility of using nutmeg flesh (Myristica fragrans houtt) extract in broiler diet to improve intestinal morphology, bacterial population, blood profile and antioxidant status of broilers under high-density condition

Y. Sapsuha¹, E. Suprijatna², S. Kismiati² and S. Sugiharto²*

¹Universitas Khairun, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Animal Science, Ternate, North Maluku, Indonesia
²Universitas Diponegoro, Faculty of Animal and Agricultural Sciences, Department of Animal Science, Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia
*Correspondence: sgh_undip@yahoo.co.id

Abstract:

This study investigated the impact of nutmeg flesh extract on intestinal morphology, bacterial population, blood profile and antioxidant status of broiler chickens stocked at high density pens. After 15 days of rearing, 370 Lohmann broiler chicks (unsexed) were assigned to five treatment groups based on a completely randomized design, including T0 (chicks were raised at a density of 10 birds m^-2 and received no nutmeg flesh extract), T1 (chicks were raised at a density of 16 birds m^-2 and received no nutmeg flesh extract), T2 (chicks were raised at a density of 16 birds m^-2 and received 0.5 mL kg^-1 nutmeg flesh extract), T3 (chicks were raised at a density of 16 birds m^-2 and received 1.0 mL kg^-1 nutmeg flesh extract), and T4 (chicks were raised at a density of 16 birds m^-2 and received 1.5 mL kg^-1 nutmeg flesh extract). Sampling was conducted on day 35 of age. The results showed that the administration of nutmeg flesh extract (regardless of its levels) to broilers diets at high density (16 birds m^-2) significantly (p ≤ 0.05) increased the performance, villi height in the duodenum, jejunum and ileum, decreased pH in the ileum and cecum, increased lactic acid bacteria and decreased coliform bacteria in the ileum and cecum, decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) and increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) and had no significant effect (p > 0.05) on the blood profile of broiler chickens. The findings demonstrated that nutmeg flesh extract improved performance, intestinal bacterial population and morphology and antioxidative status of broilers raised under high density condition.

Key words:

Antioxidant, broilers, intestinal bacterial population, intestinal morphology, nutmeg flesh extract

556-563 K.P. Oliveira, C.F.S. Ferreira, I.F.F. Tinoco, R.R. Andrade, M. Barbari, V.M.F. Cruz, F.J.F. Baptista, M.F.A. Vieira, L. Conti and G. Rossi
Productive performance of broilers at the final stage of breeding submitted to different levels of metabolizable energy in different thermal environments
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Productive performance of broilers at the final stage of breeding submitted to different levels of metabolizable energy in different thermal environments

K.P. Oliveira¹, C.F.S. Ferreira¹, I.F.F. Tinoco¹, R.R. Andrade¹, M. Barbari²*, V.M.F. Cruz³, F.J.F. Baptista³, M.F.A. Vieira⁴, L. Conti² and G. Rossi²

¹University of Viçosa, Department of Agricultural Engineering of Federal, Av. Peter Henry Rolfs, s/n Campus University of Viçosa, CEP: BR36570-900, Viçosa, Brazil
²University of Firenze, Department of Agricultural, Food and Forestry Systems, Via San Bonaventura, 13, IT50145 Firenze, Italy
³University of Évora, Department of Rural Engineering, Instituto de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais Mediterrânicas, Núcleo da Mitra, Évora, Portugal
⁴Federal Rural University of Amazonia – UFRAPA-256, s/n – Nova Conquista, Paragominas – PA, 68627-451
*Correspondence: matteo.barbari@unifi.it; kelle.oliveira@ufv.br

Abstract:

The Brazilian poultry industry is an activity in constant development due to the high indices of productive efficiency. The accelerated evolution of poultry production has allowed to obtain early and very efficient broilers able to convert different foods into animal protein. However, due to this intensive breeding system, a series of metabolic and management problems appeared, with emphasis on thermal stress. The objective of this work was to evaluate the physiological responses of broiler chickens in the final stage of breeding (21 to 42 days of life), submitted to two thermal conditions, one representative of the thermoneutrality situation (T1) and one giving a situation of cyclic stress by heat (T2). For each experimental thermal condition, the birds were submitted to different levels of metabolizable energy of 3,050, 3,125, 3,200, 3,275 kcal kg^-1. At 28, 35 and 42 days, the birds and the feed leftovers were weighed to measure the performance variables: CR (feed intake), GP (weight gain) and CA (feed conversion), viability of the rearing (Vb), productive efficiency index (PEI).
As conclusions, the GP was 13.6% higher for the birds maintained at the thermoneutrality situation T1. The PEI was 32.5% higher for the birds maintained in T1 condition, when compared to those kept in T2. However, both in thermoneutral and in heat stress conditions, the increase in the level of metabolizable energy in the diet did not influence the performance and the productive efficiency index of broiler chickens aged between 21 and 42 days of age.

Key words:

broilers, feed, metabolizable energy, productivity, thermal stress