Influence of abiotic and anthropogenic factors on the formation of winter wheat grain quality indicators

O.A. Demуdov¹, V.V. Kyrylenko¹, I.V. Pravdziva¹*, O.V. Humeniuk¹, N.S. Dubovyk², Yu.M. Suddenko¹, R.M. Los¹, B.A. Olefirenko¹, O.V. Radchenko³ and T.V. Shadchyna¹

¹The V. M. Remeslo Myronivka Institute of Wheat of the NAAS of Ukraine, 68 Tsentralna Str., UA-08853 Tsentralne village, Obukhiv district, Kyiv region, Ukraine
²Bila Tserkva National Agrarian University, Department of Genetics, Breeding and Seed Production, Sq. Soborna 8/1, UA-09100 Bila Tserkva city, Kyiv region, Ukraine
³State Enterprise ‘Experiment Farm ‘Elita’ of the V. M. Remeslo Myronivka Institute of Wheat of the NAAS of Ukraine’, 68 Tsentralna Str., UA-08853 Tsentralne village, Obukhiv district, Kyiv region, Ukraine
*Correspondence: irinapravdziva@gmail.com

Abstract:

The purpose of the study was to establish the influence of growing location, hydrothermal growing season conditions, variety, sowing date, and preceding crop on the formation of winter wheat grain quality indicators. The research was conducted during 2018/19–2020/21 in two locations for two sowing dates after sunflower and soybean as the preceding crops. Four varieties of winter bread wheat were evaluated according to grain, flour, dough, and bread quality indicators. A higher variability of winter wheat grain quality indicators was noted between the years of the study in the conditions of the central part of the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine (Location 1) (CV = 2.7–32.6%) compared to the conditions of the northeastern part of the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine (Location 2) (CV = 1.9–18.0%). The determining influence of the variety on test weight (38.32%), volume of bread (30.22%), wet gluten content (25.65%), protein content (18.55%), porosity of bread crumb (18.17%), and sedimentation value (15.02%) was established. The most influence of the growing location on deformation energy (37.43%) and dough tenacity (35.29%) was revealed The decisive influence of the interaction year × location on 1,000 kernel weight (21.30%) was established. To obtain higher flour-milling properties, winter wheat varieties are recommended to be sown in the third decade of September after sunflower, and to obtain higher baking properties – in the first decade of October after soybeans. By sowing the varieties Podolianka and MIP Yuvileina, it is possible to obtain grain with high flour-milling and bread-making properties, that is, grain balanced in terms of quality.

Key words:

ANOVA, coefficient of variation, growing season hydrothermal condition, location, preceding crop, Sowing date, Triticum aestivum L

Comparative economic efficiency of using pharmacological agents for the stress prevention in the course of immunization of birds against reovirus tenosynovitis

A. Miftakhutdinov, N. Zhuravel and I. Dikhtyaruk*

South Ural State Agrarian University, 13 Gagarina St., RU457100 Troitsk, Chelyabinsk Region, Russia
*Correspondence: nirugavm@mail.ru

Abstract:

This article describes the results of studies on the definition and comparative evaluation of the effectiveness of using SPAO-FA (stress protector antioxidant – feed additive) and SPAO-complex pharmacological preparation (stress protector antioxidant – complex preparation for birds) for the prevention of vaccine stress during immunization of birds against reovirus tenosynovitis. These preparations were used during 5 days (3 days before vaccination, on the day of vaccination and one day after vaccination) at the dose of 185 mg kg^-1 body weight: SPAO-FA was given as a part of compound feed, SPAO-complex – with water. Stress prevention in chickens of the parent flock provides equally high level of protection of birds from a field virus, a causative agent of reovirus tenosynovitis: it reduces the development of a protective level of antibodies by 7 days. Using SPAO-complex contributed to the increase in antibody titers by a factor of 2.6, and to the decrease in the coefficient of variation by the term of monitoring immunity stress by 25.7%. Using SPAO-FA increased antibody titers by 1.6 times, but had no significant effect on vaccination homogeneity. Vaccination index that should be high in the case of successful vaccination was 3.5 times higher for SPAO-complex in comparison with the basic diet; this for SPAO-FA was 1.6 times higher. Positive effect of anti-stress therapy influences the livability of chickens which was 3.5% higher with SPAO-complex, 0.79% higher – with SPAO-FA; bird live weight and the yield of day-old chicks were also higher in comparison with the basic diet by 6.44 and 0.88%, and 4.22 and 0.55%, respectively. Cost-effectiveness of using SPAO-FA per RUR of costs amounted to 180.09 RUR, for SPAO-complex, this parameter amounted to 435.86 RUR.

Key words: