Fodder beans and peas in the diet of dairy cows

A. Trūpa¹*, B. Ošmane² and I.H. Konošonoka²

¹Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Liela iela 2, LV-3001 Jelgava, Latvia
²Institute of Agricultural Resources and Economics, Priekuli Research Centre, Zinatnes iela 2, LV-4130 Priekuli, Priekulu parish, Priekulu district, Latvia
*Correspondence: aiga.trupa@llu.lv

Abstract:

The Holstein-Friesian Black-and-White cows were grouped into four treatments groups according to the analogue principle (n = 4 × 5). Lactating dairy cows were included in the trial in the initial lactation phase with the average milk yield of 23.00 kg per day, fat content 4.10% and 3.20% protein content in milk. The analyses of the chemical composition of legume grains show, that crude protein and undegraded intake protein (UIP) were higher in fodder beans than in peas, respectively 29.97% and 25.04% of dry matter but UIP content, respectively 40.51% and 39.69% of crude protein. There was a total of 17 amino acids detected in legume grains and soybean meal. The highest concentration of arginine, leucine, glutamic acid, aspartic acid and isoleucine was in fodder beans, respectively 0.76%, 0.58%, 0.67%, 0.42% and 0.29% more than in peas. Even though the daily milk yields decreased for all the cow groups during the experiment, which was normal during the lactation period, yet the milk yield decreases for the trial groups. The highest total amount of amino acids in milk was detected in 3^rd and 2^nd trial cow groups, respectively, 4.00 g kg^-1 and 3.90 g kg^-1 which was fed fodder beans and peas. The milk sale and feed cost summary records for the trial that lasted 90 days show that economic efficiency of peas plus beans has been positive.

Key words:

amino acids, cost, dairy cows, feed values, fodder beans, milk., peas

Reliability monitoring of grain harvester

M. Prístavka¹, K. Krištof²,* and P. Findura²

¹ Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Quality and Engineering Technologies, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, SK949 76 Nitra, Slovak Republic
² Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Machines and Production Biosystems, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, SK949 76 Nitra, Slovak Republic
*Correspondence: koloman.kristof@uniag.sk

Abstract:

This paper is focused on evaluation of operating reliability of grain harvesters. The aim of research is to improve the efficiency of combine harvesters by calculations which indicate a minimum annual performance and try to move in profit despite the high annual costs. Methods of paper containing all conditions of monitoring and evaluating of responsibility of grain harvesters. Those harvesters worked in real operating conditions. During three years of monitoring all important and other facilities and conditions of watching were recorded. After accumulation of information, their following working was set out according to the given literary sources and according to the own discretion based on experience during monitoring. The last part is focused on evaluating results and personal proposals how to make individual components work more effective. The most important results was recorded in case of turning point calculation where in years 2013, 2014 and 2015 at values 157.93, 156.19 and 166.86 ha year^-1, respectively. However, real annual performance was recorded at values 760.5, 604.6 and 905.5 ha year^-1. Thus, in all years of observation the grain harvester finished in profits.

Key words: