Effect of fermented purple sweet potato flour on physiological conditions and intestinal conditions of broiler chickens

E. Widiastuti, D. Febrianti, H.I. Wahyuni, T. Yudiarti, I. Agusetyaningsih, R. Murwani, T.A. Sartono and S. Sugiharto*

Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal and Agricultural Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, 50275, Central Java, Indonesia
*Correspondence: sgh_undip@yahoo.co.id

Abstract:

The study investigated the effect of fermented purple sweet potato flour (PSPF) on intestinal and physiological health of broilers. A 189-day-old broiler chicks were divided into T0 (diet based on corn and soybean meal), T1 (diet containing 15% unfermented PSPF), and T2 (diet containing 15% fermented PSPF). Samples collection and measurement were conducted at day 35. The T2 chicks had greater (p < 0.05) weight gain than T1, but did not differ from T0. Feed conversion ratio (FCR) was better (p < 0.05) in T2 than in T1. The mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH) and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) were higher (P < 0.05) in T2 than in T0 and T1 groups. Haemoglobin tended (p = 0.08) to be lower in in T2 than in T0 and T1 groups. Heterophils were higher (p = 0.05) in T2 than in T0 and T1 groups. Total cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) were higher (p < 0.05) in T0 than in T1. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) tended (p = 0.06) to be lower in T1 than that in T0. Total protein and globulin were higher (p < 0.05) in T0 than that in T1 and T2. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) to coliform ratio in the ileum was higher (p < 0.05) in T2 than in T0. LAB counts tended (p = 0.08) to be greater in T2 than in other chickens. T1 tended (p = 0.09) to have a smaller number of lactose negative Enterobacteriaceae (LNE) in caecum as compared to that of T0 chicks. T2 tended (p = 0.09) to have a lower crypt depth than T0. In conclusion, feeding fermented purple sweet potato flour contributes for the better growth, feed conversion, immune defence, bacterial population and morphology of the small intestine.

Key words:

bacteria, broilers, energy source, fermentation, immune response, intestine

Seasonal temperature variation in heat collection liquid used in renewable, carbon-free heat production from urban and rural water areas

E. Hiltunen, J.B. Martinkauppi*, A. Mäkiranta, J. Rinta-Luoma and T. Syrjälä

University of Vaasa, Faculty of Technology, Electrical Engineering and Energy Technology, Wolffintie 34, FI65200 Vaasa, Finland *Correspondence: Birgitta.Martinkauppi@uva.fi

Abstract:

A renewable energy source called sediment energy is based on heat collection with tubes similar to those used in ground energy and is installed inside a sediment layer under water body. In this paper, an investigation of temperature behaviour of heat carrier liquid is made during several years to evaluate utilization of sediment energy. This is done by evaluating temperature variations of heat carrier liquid and its correlation to air temperature. This increases advancement of knowledge how the temperature of the sediment recovers from the heat collection. The temperature variation of the liquid seems to correlate with the mean monthly air temperature. The selected methods clearly indicate that sediment energy seems to be yearly renewable because there is a clear correlation between air temperature and heat carrier liquid temperature.

Key words: