Tag Archives: raspberry

1227–1233 I. Augšpole, F. Dimiņš, I. Romanova and A. Liniņa
Characterization of red raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) for their physicochemical and morphological properties
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Characterization of red raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) for their physicochemical and morphological properties

I. Augšpole¹*, F. Dimiņš¹, I. Romanova² and A. Liniņa²

¹Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Faculty of Food Technology, Rīgas iela 22, LV-3001 Jelgava
²Latvia Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Faculty of Agriculture, Lielā iela 2, LV-3001 Jelgava, Latvia
*Correspondence: ingrida.augspole@llu.lv

Abstract:

Different raspberry cultivars are grown in Latvia suitable both for fresh market and for processing. Fresh local red raspberry is available for consumers from July to October. Information about the physical, chemical, and morphology properties of raspberry fruit is essential for understanding the behavior of the product during the postharvest operations such as harvesting, transporting, sorting, grading, packaging and storage. Knowledge of the physicochemical properties of red raspberries is essential because variations in the levels of these properties may exist between cultivars. New varieties of plants were used to describe and compare the fruit quality of red raspberry cultivars: ‘Daiga’, ‘Shahrazada’, ‘Norna’ and ‘Polana’ grown in Zemgales region of Latvia. The samples were collected from farm ‘Pluģi’ the full stage of ripening. The current research aimed to investigate and determine the chemical composition (total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), titratable acidity (TAc), total soluble solids content of raspberry fruits, the physical parameter pH, and color. Presented morphological parameters of fruit included their weight, receptacle length (Rl), receptacle width (Rw), fruit length (Fl), fruit width (Fw), weight of fruit (M), number of seeds. Research results showed significant differences in all chemical and physical characteristics as well as in morphology properties (P < 0.05) between cultivars.

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2056-2067 L. Jankevica, O. Polis, A. Korica, I. Samsone, V. Laugale and M. Daugavietis
Environmental risk assessment studies on new plant protection products which have been elaborated from coniferous tree bark
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Environmental risk assessment studies on new plant protection products which have been elaborated from coniferous tree bark

L. Jankevica¹*, O. Polis², A. Korica², I. Samsone¹, V. Laugale³ and M. Daugavietis²

¹University of Latvia, Institute of Biology, Department of Experimental Entomology and Microbiology, Miera street 3, LV-2169 Salaspils, Latvia
²Latvian State Forest Research Institute 'Silava', Rīgas street 111, LV-2169 Salaspils, Latvia
³Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Institute of Horticulture, Graudu street 1, Ceriņi, Dobele District, LV- 3701, Latvia
*Correspondence: liga.jankevica@lu.lv

Abstract:

Nowadays there are still various chemical pesticides being applied in the course of ensuring plant protection. Since 2010, we have been working on the development of new, environmentally-friendly plant protection products which will provide an effective tool against pathogenic fungi and bacteria which cause disease in crop plants. The specific aim of this study was to evaluate a risk assessment for new plant protection products that have been elaborated on the basis of coniferous tree bark. Various products were tested which are extracted during the processing of wood bark from pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.). Ethanol extracts were formulated and applied during these experiments. Two formulations, which showed anti-fungal activity in vitro and in field trials on fruit crops (involving strawberries and raspberries) were selected for the risk assessment studies. The impact was studied of formulation treatment on crop plants and soil biological activity, and the accumulation of residues of active substances in crop plants and soil. The application of new formulations did not show any negative effect on the chlorophyll content and the chlorophyll fluorescence of plant leaves. The results showed that pine and spruce bark extract formulations contain active compounds (coumaric acid, quercetin, epicatechin, and ferulic acid) within the range of 5.1–5.9 mg kg-1 and 11.1–443.9 mg kg-1 respectively. The amount of active substances which were determined in most cases was higher in the spruce bark extract formulation when compared to the pine bark extract formulation. Our results confirmed the presence of active compounds – epicatechin, quercetin, and coumaric acid – in strawberry fruits which remained untreated and in those that were treated with spruce ethanol extract formulation. Untreated raspberry fruits contained all four active substances within the range of 81–5,300 μg kg-1. We observed a significant increase of coumaric acid and quercetin in raspberries after their having been treated with spruce bark extract formulation in a 2% concentration, P < 0.05, and did not find any negative impact for spruce bark extract formulations when used on soil microbial biomass.

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603-614 K. Kask, H. Jänes, A. Libek, L. Arus, A. Kikas, H. Kaldmäe, N. Univer andT. Univer
New cultivars and future perspectives in professional fruit breeding in Estonia
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New cultivars and future perspectives in professional fruit breeding in Estonia

K. Kask, H. Jänes, A. Libek, L. Arus, A. Kikas, H. Kaldmäe, N. Univer andT. Univer

Polli Horticultural Research Centre, Institute of Agricultural and EnvironmentalSciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Karksi-Nuia 69108, Estonia;e-mail: polli@emu.ee

Abstract:

During 2001–2010, the following cultivars from the breeding programme of the Polli Horticultural Research Centre of the Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences were registered: the apples ‘Kaari’, ‘Kaimo’, ‘Karamba’, ‘Katre’, ‘Kikitriinu’, ‘Krista’, and ‘Liivika’, the crab apples ‘Kuku’, ‘Ritika’, and ‘Ruti’, the sweet cherries ‘Elle’, ‘Karmel’, ‘Piret’ and ‘Tontu’, the raspberries ‘Aita’ and ‘Alvi’, and the black currants ‘Almo’, ‘Ats’, ‘Elo’ and ‘Karri’. Since 2004, applications for registration and DUS testing have been submitted for the new apple cultivar ‘Els’, pear cultivars ‘Kadi’ and ‘Polli Punane’, sweet cherry cultivars ‘Anu’, ‘Ene’, ‘Irma’, ‘Kaspar’, ‘Mupi’, ‘Polli Murel’ and ‘Tõmmu’. Apple, plum, sweet cherry, black currant and raspberry breeding programmes are going on as part of the public breeding program. Winter hardiness is the first-rate goal in all crops. In apple, breeding for scab resistance is now the main task. In the nearest future, some new plum, apple and black currant cultivars will supplement the breeding results of the institution at Polli.

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27-35 L. Buskienė and N. Uselis
The influence of nitrogen and potassium fertilizers on the growth and yield of raspberries cv. ‘Polana’
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The influence of nitrogen and potassium fertilizers on the growth and yield of raspberries cv. ‘Polana’

L. Buskienė¹ and N. Uselis²

¹Lithuanian Institute of Horticulture, LT–-54333 Babtai, Kaunas distr., Lithuania; e-mail:institutas@lsdi.lt
²Lithuanian Institute of Horticulture, LT–-54333 Babtai, Kaunas distr., Lithuania; e-mail:n.uselis@lsdi.lt

Abstract:

The experiment was carried out from 1998–2001 at the Lithuanian Institute of Horticulture, according to the scheme: N60 (control); N60K90; N90; N90K130; N120; N120K180; N150;N150K240. The soil was Epicalcari – Endohypogleic cambisol, clay loam, containing 7.2% oforganic matter, 140 mg kg-1 P2O5, 125 mg kg-1 K2O, 11900 mg kg-1 CaO, 3040 mg kg-1 MgO,pHKCl –7.3.Primocane raspberries cv. ‘Polana’ fertilized with the largest amount of nitrogen fertilizers(N150) produced 20% more primocanes in comparison with the control (N60). Potassiumfertilizers increased the diameter of raspberry stems – fertilizing them with N120K180 stemdiameter resulted in an increase of 5.3%, with N90K130 and by 4.2% with N150K240 incomparison with the control.Primocane raspberries cv. ‘Polana’ fertilized with N120K180 gave the highest yieldincrement – 2.5 t ha-1, and, with N60K90 – 2.4 t ha-1 – in comparison with those fertilized onlywith nitrogen fertilizers (N60).When the rate of nitrogen fertilizers was increased from 60 to 90–150 kg ha-1, the nitrogencontent in the soil increased by approximately 25%. When the rate of potassium fertilizers was increased from 90 to 240 kg ha-1, potassium content in the soil increased to 33%. The content of potassium in raspberry cv. ‘Polana’ leaves significantly increased when fertilizing only with the highest rates of potassium fertilizers (N120K180 – N150K240) – by 12.1–19.7% – in comparisonwith control (N60).

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