Optimisation of biologically active compounds ultrasound assisted extraction from potatoes using response surface methodology
¹Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Faculty of Food Technology, Department of Food Technology, Rigas iela 22, LV-3004 Jelgava, Latvia
²Institute of Agricultural Resources and Economics, Zinātne iela 2, Priekuli, Priekuli municipality, LV-4126 Latvia
*Correspondence: reinis-zarins@inbox.lv
Abstract:
Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is source of phenolic compounds and from plant matrixes can be extracted by several methods. In recent years ultrasound assisted extraction has become more popular due to its efficiency for recovery of phenolic compounds and antioxidants and response surface methodology is an effective tool for optimisation of extraction procedure by evaluating different variables and their interaction. The aim of the current research was to optimize ultrasound assisted extraction of biologically active compounds from potatoes by response surface methodology. For experiment purple-flesh potato variety ‘Blue Congo’ was selected. Control sample was extracted by stirring for 1 hour. Box-Behnken design was used for optimization of extraction conditions from fresh potatoes and as variables were selected: ethanol concentration (% v/v), hydrochloric acid concentration (molarity) and time (min). For extracts as responses total phenolic, total flavonoid, total anthocyanin content and antioxidant activity (DPPH, ABTS+ scavenging activity) were determined using a spectrophotometric methods. Significant models were obtained for antocyanins, total phenols and DPPH radical scavenging activity. Optimisation of extraction showed that for maximising all responses optimal HCl concentration is 2.5M, ethanol concentration 79.4% and extraction time 60 minutes, resulting in following responses: 57.41 mg 100 g-1 of anthocyanins, 238.52 mg 100 g-1 of TPC, 24.58 mM TE 100 g-1 of DPPH scavenging activity and 12.99 mM TE 100 g-1 of ABTS scavenging activity. Conventional extraction method showed significantly lower results. It could be concluded that ultrasound assisted extraction is effective method for recovery of phenolic compounds and solvents and extraction time is significant parameter influencing efficiency.
Key words:
Box-Behnken design, phenolics, purple-flesh potatoes, response surface methodology, ultrasound assisted extraction