Tag Archives: risk assessment.

1056-1067 A. Traumann, V. Urbane, J. Ievinš and P. Tint
The Co-influence of Noise and Carbon Dioxide on Humans in the Work and Living Environment
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The Co-influence of Noise and Carbon Dioxide on Humans in the Work and Living Environment

A. Traumann¹, V. Urbane², J. Ievinš² and P. Tint³*

¹Tallinn University of Applied Sciences, Institute of Clothing and Textile, Pärnu mnt. 62, EE10135 Tallinn, Estonia
²Riga Technical University, Faculty of Engineering Economics and Management, Institute of General and Civil Safety, Kalnciema 6, LV-1048 Riga, Latvia
³Külasema Village Society, EE94744 Muhu, Saaremaa, Estonia
*Correspondence: info@piiatint.ee

Abstract:

The aim of the paper is to investigate the co-influence of noise and carbon dioxide on people in different situations (inside/outside houses/classrooms) depending on the traffic intensity, the fuel used for heating in residential buildings etc.). All the measurements and the questionnaire have been carried out during the autumn of 2019 (at the mean temperature of 5–10 °C). Riga has a more intensive traffic compared to Tallinn and has greater problems of exceeding the permissible noise levels. The levels of carbon dioxide inside classrooms are also very high in Latvia (1,500–2,000 ppm). The concentration of carbon dioxide outside buildings is low in the forest areas (measured in the south of Estonia), being 340–350 ppm. In regional towns, it is 500 ppm (measured in autumn-winter near a busy street). The co-influence of noise and carbon dioxide on the residents has been investigated by using the Weinstein questionnaire. High carbon dioxide levels cause fatigue. Although it was not particularly pointed out by the residents questioned in a panel house with small apartments, the air was considered to be stuffy. The house is situated near a busy street, so the problems with noise are higher. ANOVA statistics has been used for the questionnaire (p < 0.001, α = 0.93). The decrease of noise and carbon dioxide levels help people stay healthy and the environmental impact from the investigation is emphasising the necessity and providing possibilities to decrease the concentration of CO2 in the ambient air.

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513–524 C.M. Lind and L.M. Rose
Shifting to proactive risk management: Risk communication using the RAMP tool
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Shifting to proactive risk management: Risk communication using the RAMP tool

C.M. Lind* and L.M. Rose

KTH Royal Institute of Technology, School of Technology and Health, Unit of
Ergonomics, Alfred Nobels Allé 10, SE 141 52 Huddinge, Sweden
*Correspondence: cmeri@kth.se

Abstract:

Ergonomic risk factors are major contributors to work-related musculoskeletal disorders and quality deficiencies in the manufacturing industry. Due to lack of tools or systems that can support a systematic risk management of these production and health related factors, a new risk management tool (RAMP) was developed. In this paper, the risk communication system (the Results module) of this tool is presented along with a description of its development. An example of how it can be used, based on assessments performed in industry, is given. An evaluation of its usability, which included twenty practitioners active in the industry, gives support to the notion that the system is usable both for risk communication and as a decision base.

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150–159, M. Ojasoo and A. Leppiman
Ethics audit as a marketing instrument and its potential for organic farming
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Ethics audit as a marketing instrument and its potential for organic farming

M. Ojasoo* and A. Leppiman

Tallinn University of Technology, Faculty of Economics, Institute of Business
Administration, Ehitajate tee 5, EE19086 Tallinn, Estonia
*Correspondence: merle.ojasoo@ttu.ee

Abstract:

Demand for organic foods is growing quickly but remains to be a relatively small segment of the food market. In order to increase the market share there is important role in an effective and smart marketing communication. According to many researches consumers are mostly interested in additional ethical attributes in organic food producing. Organic food farmers’ ability to earn profit from experience marketing according ethical values in organic food production is rather weak. At the same time organic farming faces many significant ethical risks from unregulated area of organic food-production. Consumer trust in environmentally friendly or organic products is often being undermined by business scandals, unsubstantiated ‘organic’ claims and assessment practices. The current paper aims to improve ethics audit framework as a marketing instrument for organic farming companies in order to increase the trust between producers and consumers. This paper draws upon previous researches and adds new approach based on the needs of organic farming.

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323-326 R. Reiman and L. Vakra
Environmental risk assessment of plant protection products
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Environmental risk assessment of plant protection products

R. Reiman and L. Vakra

Estonian Plant Production Inspectorate, Teaduse 2, Saku, 75501, Estonia

Abstract:

Plant protection products (PPP’s) are hazardous chemicals that are intentionally spread into the environment. In order to protect human and animal health and the environment the risk assessment has to be performed before the authorisation of PPP’s. Risk assessment is based on the general principles and requirements laid down in the European Council Directive 91/414/EEC (concerning the placing of plant protection products on the market), international guidelines and Estonian legislation. This paper describes ecotoxicological and environmental risk assessment, the use of mathematical models and feasible risk mitigation measures to assure acceptable risk of PPP’s under the proposed conditions of use in Estonia.

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