Tag Archives: salinity

xxx H. Maaroufi-Dguimi, S. Gamal Mohammed, A. Nasraoui Hajaji and H. Abdalgadir
Efficiency of seed priming and co-treatment strategies in salt effect mitigation using Nicotiana glauca leaf extract on tomato seedlings (Solanum lycopersicum L.)
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Efficiency of seed priming and co-treatment strategies in salt effect mitigation using Nicotiana glauca leaf extract on tomato seedlings (Solanum lycopersicum L.)

H. Maaroufi-Dguimi¹*, S. Gamal Mohammed¹, A. Nasraoui Hajaji² and H. Abdalgadir¹

¹Al-Baha University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, SA 65779-7738 Alaqiq, Saudi Arabia
²University of Carthage, National Research Institute in Rural Engineering, Forest Ecology Laboratory, Water and Forestry Bp 10, TN 2080 Ariana, Tunisia
*Correspondence: houda_maaroufi@yahoo.fr

Abstract:

The Al-Baha region suffers from soil salinity, negatively impacting agriculture. Current study examined aqueous extracts from Nicotiana glauca as plant-based biostimulants to alleviate salinity’s effects and reduce chemical fertilizer use. An aqueous extract of N. glauca, applied in ascending doses of 20%, 50%, and 100%, was being used. This biostimulant was applied using two methods: seed priming and co-treatment on the seeds of Solanum lycopersicum L. Results indicated that all tested doses, whether applied through seed priming or co-treatment, enhanced the final germination percentage (FGP) and reduced the mean germination time (MGT) under saline conditions. With priming, the 20% dose was most effective in reducing salt treatment effects on FGP, improving it by 5% compared to untreated salt-stressed seeds. In co-treatment, the 100% dose showed a 4.5% reduction in FGP decline referring to untreated and stressed seeds. For priming treatments, the 20% dose reduced MGT by 22%, while the 50% dose in co-treatment reduced it by 28% compared to untreated and stressed seeds. The priming strategy used in this study did not result in significant enhancements in growth parameters, particularly in the fresh weight (FW) and dry weight (DW) of the epicotyls. As priming, the 20% dose had the most significant mitigation effect on epicotyl FW, DW and chlorophyll (Chl) content by 15%, 10% and 30% referring to untreated and stressed seedlings, respectively. However, all tested biostimulant doses used as co-treatment proved effective in mitigating the negative effects of salt on epicotyl and root FW, DW, and Chl content. Seedlings treated with various strategies and doses showed a smaller increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) and proline (Pro) levels under salinity stress. As stress indicators, both Pro and MDA levels were significantly reduced when a co-treatment strategy was applied. Furthermore, the results indicated that the effectiveness of the N. glauca aqueous extract in alleviating salt stress could be attributed to its content of several phenolics, flavonoids, and tannins, which possess antioxidant properties that enhance the plant’s tolerance against salt-induced oxidative stress.

Key words:

antioxidant activity, biostimulant, flavonoids, germination, polyphenolics, salinity, tannins, tree tobacco

672-684 H. Maaroufi-Dguimi, S. Gamal Mohammed, H. Abdalgadir and F. Omari al Zahrani
Effects of chemical seed priming on germination performance and seedling growth of Lycopersicon esculentum (Mill.) under salt stress
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Effects of chemical seed priming on germination performance and seedling growth of Lycopersicon esculentum (Mill.) under salt stress

H. Maaroufi-Dguimi*, S. Gamal Mohammed, H. Abdalgadir and F. Omari al Zahrani

Al Baha University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Alaqiq, 65779-7738, Saudi Arabia
*Correspondence: houda_maaroufi@yahoo.fr

Abstract:

As an important economic plant, Lycopersicon esculentum (Mill.) faces salinity stress from germination to all growth stages. The aim of this study is to ride salt-induced agriculture difficulties of tomato by applying different chemical seed priming: ascorbic acid (ASA), potassium nitrate (KNO₃) and calcium nitrate (CaNO₃) during two time periods which are 24 and 48 hours. In the current case, the seeds were pre-treated with previously mentioned chemicals for varying periods of time before germination in a salt solution (100 mM NaCl). The treatments were replicated three times. For no primed seeds, salt treatment decreased germination parameters as well as seedling growth parameters (fresh weight, epicotyl and root length and chlorophyll content). Different chemical seed priming alleviated the salt harmful effect on germination and growth parameters. In saline conditions, the priming agents, had more significant effect in comparison with normal conditions. Significantly, the treatment including CaNO₃-48-h priming, had high efficacy in promoting germination and plant growth and is associated with reduced levels of leaf proline and malondialdehyde (MDA) content.

Key words:

ascorbic acid, calcium nitrate, potassium nitrate, priming, salinity, seed germination, tomato

793-804 Y.N. Sassine, T.K. Sajyan, A. El Zarzour, A.M.R. Abdelmawgoud, M. Germanos and S.M. Alturki
Integrative effects of biostimulants and salinity on vegetables: Contribution of bioumik and Lithovit®-urea50 to improve salt-tolerance of tomato
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Integrative effects of biostimulants and salinity on vegetables: Contribution of bioumik and Lithovit®-urea50 to improve salt-tolerance of tomato

Y.N. Sassine¹, T.K. Sajyan¹²*, A. El Zarzour¹, A.M.R. Abdelmawgoud³, M. Germanos¹ and S.M. Alturki⁴

¹Lebanese University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Plant Production, Beirut, Lebanon
²University of Forestry, Faculty of Agronomy, Department of Agronomy, 10 Kliment Ohridski blvd, BG1797 Sofia, Bulgaria
³National Research Center, Department of Vegetable Researches, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
⁴King Faisal University, College of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Department of Arid Land Agriculture, P.O. Box 400, Al Ahsa 31982, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
*Correspondence: tony.sajyan@st.ul.edu.lb

Abstract:

The separate and combined effect of lithovit-urea50 and bioumik was tested on salt-stressed tomato crops. Salinity was induced using three different NaCl solutions (2, 4 and 8 dS m^-1). Under the salinity effect, all aspects of plant growth were inhibited. Total chlorophyll and carotenoids reduced from mg g^-1 FW and 1.1 mg g^-1 FW at 2 dS m^-1 to reach 1.01 mg g^-1 FW and 0.66 mg g^-1 FW at 8 dS m^-1 in control plants. Plants treated by the combination of both products had the highest chlorophyll and carotenoids content with 2.24 mg g^-1 FW and 1.34 mg g^‑1 FW, 1.88 mg g^-1 FW and 1.05 mg g^-1 FW, and 1.39 mg g^-1 FW and 0.86 mg g^-1 FW respectively at 2, 4 and 8 dS m^-1. Treating plants by this combination maximized flower number, fruit weight, yield and fruit diameter at 2 dS m^-1 (17 flowers, 47.93 g, 431.1 g plant^-1 and 3.23 cm respectively) and 4 dS m^-1 (15flowers, 36.45 g, 291.85 g plant^-1 and 2.8 cm respectively). The separate application of bioumik minimized cell electrolyte leakage at 2 dS m^-1 (8.82%) compared to control (11.43%). Additionally, plants treated by lithovit-urea and bioumik had the highest relative water content with 107.3%, 96.5% and 91.2% respectively at 2, 4 and 8 dS m^-1. N, Ca and Mg in roots were significantly the highest at 2 dS m^-1 (4.5%, 2.6% and 0.5% respectively), at 4 dS m^-1 (3.74%, 2.49% and 0.48% respectively) and at 8 dS m^-1 (3.21%, 2.61% and 0.32% respectively). K content in roots was maximized following the separate application of bioumik with 3.21% at 2 dS m^-1 and 2.55% at 8 dS m^-1. Conclusively, lithovit-urea and bioumik helped plants in tolerating salt-stress with an optimal effect obtained after their combination.

Key words:

biostimulants, growth, physiology, salinity, small scale fertilizers, tomato

113–126 D.B. Issa, S.M. Alturki, T.K. Sajyan, Y.N. Sassine
Sorbitol and lithovit-guano25 mitigates the adverse effects of salinity on eggplant grown in pot experiment
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Sorbitol and lithovit-guano25 mitigates the adverse effects of salinity on eggplant grown in pot experiment

D.B. Issa¹, S.M. Alturki², T.K. Sajyan¹²*, Y.N. Sassine¹⁴

¹Department of plant production, Faculty of Agriculture, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
²Department of Arid Land Agriculture, College of Agricultural and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 400, Al Ahsa 31982, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
²University of Forestry, 10 Kliment Ohridski blvd, BG1797 Sofia, Bulgaria
⁴Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agricultural and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 420, Al Ahsa 31982, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
*Correspondence: tony.sajyan@st.ul.edu.lb

Abstract:

This trial aimed to study the separate effects of nano-fertilizers and sugar alcohols in mitigating salt-stress on eggplant (Solanum melongena L) crop. For this purpose, two different concentrations of lithovit®-guano25 (A1:0.5 g L^-1 and A2:1 g L^-1) and sorbitol (B1:5 g L^-1 and B2:10 g L^-1) were sprayed on eggplant irrigated by three NaCl solutions (EC1:1.5 dS m^-1, EC2:3 dS m^-1 and EC3 6 dS m^-1). Control plants were salt-stressed without any product. Results revealed an inhibitory effect of increasing in salt-stress on vegetative traits (plant height, leaf number, weights of plant parts and root mass fraction), reproductive traits (fruit number, fruit weight, yield plant^-1, fruit diameter) and photosynthetic pigments. Control plants at EC6 had the highest cell electrolyte leakage (51.26%). Plant height and fruit number were maximized by A1 at all salinity levels. Additionally, A2 increased fruit weight by 89.98g, 85g and 92.3g compared to control respectively at 1.5, 3 and 6 dS m^-1. Yield plant^-1 increased by this treatment at all EC levels. At 3 and 6 dS m^-1, A2-treated plants had the highest chlorophyll a (respectively 1.67 and 1.4mg g^-1 fresh weight), total chlorophyll (respectively 2.38 and 1.9mg g^-1 fresh weight) and carotenoids (respectively 193 and 172μg g^-1 fresh weight) contents. A2-treated plants had the lowest cell electrolyte leakage at 1.5 dS m^-1 (14.27%), 3 dS m^-1 (25.31%) and 6 dS m^-1 (37.78%). Treating plants with B1 and B2 maximized respectively fruit diameter at 1.5 dS m^-1 and water content in all plant parts at 3 dS m^-1. Both products helped plants reducing the adverse effects caused by salinity.

Key words:

growth, nano-fertilizers, physiology, S. melongena, salinity, sugar alcohols