Monitoring the species diversity of medicinal plants typical for the south slope of Hissar Ridge / Tajikistan /

D.S. Sattarov¹*, S.Kh. Vyshegurov² and R.R. Galeev²

¹Tajik Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Republican Center for Genetic
Resources, Rudaki Avenue, 21/1, TJ734000 Dushanbe, Tajikistan
²Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Novosibirsk State Agrarian University”, Street Dobrolyubova, 160, RU630039 Novosibirsk, Russia

Abstract:

This paper is a summary of literature reviews concerning the diversity of medicinal plants and the results of our many years studies. It includes scientific and practical justifications of the importance of monitoring species diversity of the studied object. Results of monitoring the species composition of wild medicinal plants in some areas of the southern slope of the Gissar Range are specified. As a result of studying 11 gorges (Gazhne, Safedchashma, Gusgarf, Shamal, Obi-Zugora, Gulobod, Yos, Yavroz, Semiganch, Odzhuk, Magov), 174 species of medicinal plants were found that belong to different botanical taxa. This number of plants includes representatives of 106 genera belonging to 46 families, among which representatives of the aster family predominate: Asteraceae (36 species), Rosaceae (19 species), Lamiaceae (16 species), etc. Compared with the number of known plants growing within the territory of the Republic of Tajikistan, the number of species found was 11.6%. In relation to the number of plants that are recognized as medicinal in the world, species diversity of the southern slopes of Gissar Range is less than one percent. However, the number of species is comparable to locations with similar climatic conditions.

Key words:

The influence of short crop rotations on weed community composition

V. Seibutis and I. Deveikyte

Lithuanian Institute of Agriculture, Instituto aleja 1, Akademija, Kedainiai distr., LT-58344,Lithuania; e-mail: vytautas@lzi.lt, irenad@lzi.lt

Abstract:

Field experiments were designed to evaluate the effect of crop rotations on weed density and species composition. An 8-year study was initiated in Dotnuva (Lithuania) in 1997 on an Endocalcari-Endohypogleyic Cambisol. Ten crop rotations: peas–winter wheat–sugar beet–spring barley, peas–winter wheat–spring barley, peas–winter wheat-winter wheat, sugar beet-spring barley-winter wheat, sugar beet-peas-winter wheat, sugar beet-spring barley-peas, sugar beet-spring barley-spring rape, peas-winter wheat, sprig barley-sugar beet, winter rape-winter wheat and spring barley monocrops were investigated. It was revealed that weed densities varied between rotations. In winter wheat crops in all crop rotations the density of Fallopia convolvulus was high but there was less Lamium purpureum, Myosotis arvensis and Stellaria media at the end than at the beginning of crop rotations. The density of Elytrigia repens was high in most crop rotations investigated. The exception was crop rotations where sugar beet was involved, compared to a four-course rotation. The largest total of annual and perennial weeds was recorded in winter wheat, when the crop was grown after peas and winter rape. In all crop rotations, in the stands of spring barley the amount of Lamium purpureum, Tripleurospermum perforatum and Taraxacum officinale was 13–18% lower compared with the spring barley monocrop. Annual broad-leafed weeds in the spring barley monocrop were more numerous than in a four-course rotation but less numerous than in the other crop rotations.

Key words:

crop rotation, monocrop, species, weed density