Development and analysis of initial material of winter spelt wheat (Triticum aestivumL. ssp. spelta) for productivity breeding
¹Uman National University, Faculty of Agronomy, Department of Genetics, Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, 1 Institytska Str., UA 20301 Uman, Ukraine
²Uman National University, Faculty of Agronomy, Department of Plant Growing, 1 Institytska Str, UA 20301 Uman, Ukraine
³Uman National University, Faculty of Foresty and Landscape Management, Department of Foresty, 1 Institytska Str., UA 20301 Uman, Ukraine
⁴Uman National University, Uman, Ukraine, Faculty of Agronomy, Department of Agrochemistry and Soil Science, 1 Institytska Str, UA 20301 Uman, Ukraine
⁵Uman National University, Faculty of Management, Department of Ukrainian and Foreign Languages, 1 Institytska Str., UA 20301 Uman, Ukraine
*Correspondence: diordieva201443@gmail.com
Abstract:
In the studies of 2019–2024, the productivity indicators of the starting material of winter spelt wheat, created by hybridization with soft winter wheat at Uman National University (Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine), were analyzed. In the process of research, spelt wheat samples were identified that can be used in practical selection as donors of genes for certain traits, in particular, high yield (5.25–5.82 t ha-1); semi-dwarfism and low-stemming in breeding for plant height reduction (samples 1786, 1817, 1559, 1674 and 1755; improved grain threshing (91%) and optimal spike structure (samples 95, 155, 1725); high grain protein content (23.8–28.7%), gluten (49.1–57.2%), alveograph indicator (340–425 alveograph units), grain hardness (60.8–68.2 instrument units) in breeding for grain quality (samples 13, 40 and 128). The correlation between productivity indicators was analyzed and it was found that the greatest influence on spelt yield is the quality of grain threshing (r = 0.89 ± 0.00).
Key words:
grain quality, plant height, spelt wheat, threshing quality, yield