Acid composition of wines depending on grapevine (Vitis spp.) cultivars grown in Estonia

R. Rätsep¹²*, M. Maante-Kuljus¹, K. Karp¹, K. Seeme² and U. Moor¹

¹Estonian University of Life Sciences, Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Chair of Horticulture, Fr. R. Kreutzwaldi 5, EE51006 Tartu, Estonia
²Estonian University of Life Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Chair of Food Science and Technology, Fr. R. Kreutzwaldi 5, EE51006 Tartu, Estonia
*Correspondence: reelika.ratsep@emu.ee

Abstract:

In Estonia’s very cool climate, excessive acid content in grapes can be a challenge due to delayed ripening. This study aimed to compare the acid profiles of commercial single-cultivar wines produced by Estonian winemakers, and assess the influence of grapevine cultivar. The wines were made from grapes of five different cultivars: ‘Solaris’, ‘Regent’, ‘Leon Millot’, ‘Cabernet Cortis’, and ‘Marquette’. The results revealed significant variation in malic, tartaric, citric, and lactic acid concentrations among the wines. Marquette exhibited the lowest malic acid content (0.3 g L⁻¹), while Leon Millot had the highest (4.4 g L⁻¹). Tartaric acid levels in wines ranged from 2.2 g L⁻¹ in Leon Millot to 4.1 g L⁻¹ in Regent. Citric acid levels varied considerably, with Solaris containing the highest concentration (1.44 g L⁻¹). Marquette had the highest lactic acid content (2.27 g L⁻¹), contributing to its smooth character. Total acid content in wines ranged from 6.9 g L⁻¹ in Marquette to 9.4 g L⁻¹ in Leon Millot, while pH values varied between 2.9 and 3.3. These findings indicate that grape cultivar significantly influences wine acid composition. Contrary to the hypothesis, excessive acid content was not a major issue in commercial wines; however, grape-growing conditions, such as high plastic tunnels, could alter this outcome. This study provides valuable insights for winemakers seeking to optimize acid balance and enhance wine quality in cool-climate viticulture.

Key words:

Assessment of ‘Complex–co’ preparation efficiency for some cereal crops growth stimulation

H.S. Martirosyan¹, A.R. Mikaelyan¹*, N.L. Asatryan¹ and B.G. Babayan¹²

¹Agrobiotechnology Scientific Center’ Branch of Armenian National Agrarian University (ANAU), 1 Isi-Le-Mulino Str., Echmiadzin 1101, Republic of Armenia (RA)
²Armbiotechnology’ Scientific and Production Center (SPC), NAS RA, Gyurjan 14, Yerevan 0056, RA
*Correspondence: aramrmik@yahoo.com

Abstract:

The problem of obtaining environmentally friendly products, which are free from unwanted compounds that are harmful for human health like residual nitrates is very actual. The solution to this problem should be started from the initial stage of crop cultivation: seed disinfection. For that goal the new organic origin preparation ‘Complex-Co’ was used. In current paper the effect of a new plant growth stimulation preparation of complex influence ‘Complex-Co’, was studied on cereal crops cultivation. It was produced by the acidic processing of winemaking waste product: the natural cream of tartar.

Unlike the high risk classical organic and inorganic fertilizers, ‘Complex-Co’ preparation is based on absolutely vital compounds and can be considered ecologically safe. It contains: amino derivatives of natural tartaric acid (TA), coalmine and micro-nutrient elements, which provide the target properties and improve soil behavior. The effect of ‘Complex-Co’ preparation was studied on three common agricultural crops: barley, emmer and triticale. As a result of the experiments and field-trials it was proved as an effective preparation for root and foliar nutrition of crops. After the usage of the elaborated preparation the significant growth stimulation effect was observed for all the tested cereal crops. Also, the disinfection effect of ‘Complex-Co’ preparation was observed for the seeds of the tested plants.

The preparation is being recommended for the further research of its effect on various plants cultivation in farms, greenhouses and orangeries.

Key words:

barley, complex organic fertilizer, emmer, plant growth stimulator, tartaric acid, triticale