Multi-criteria decision analysis of wood waste ash and glass foam: toward sustainable material selection for biomethanation
Riga Technical University, Institute of Energy Systems and Environment,
Azenes iela 12/1, LV 1048 Riga, Latvia
*Correspondence: zane.kusnere@rtu.lv
Abstract:
The study examines the potential applications of wood waste ash and waste glass, by-products of various industrial processes, which have conventional applications such as composting and soil improvement. A new development, vulcanised wood ash material, is studied analysed, drawing parallels between its industrial production process and that of clay pellets. Vulcanised wood ash material and glass foam, which are characterised by advantageous chemical and physical properties, are proving to be versatile resources for various technical applications. Employing a systematic decision-making approach, the study utilises multi-criteria decision analysis and the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution method to evaluate materials for biotrickling filter reactors in ex-situ biomethanation. The comparative analysis includes ash filter material, glass foam, and other industry alternatives, emphasising environmental impacts. The findings reveal expanded clay pellets as the most suitable carrier material, closely followed by polyurethane foam, while glass foam demonstrates remarkable performance despite ranking third. The innovative qualities of glass foam, such as high porosity and thermal insulation, position it as a viable option for biotrickling filter reactors, promoting sustainable practices and circular economy principles. However, further development is required to optimise vulcanised wood ash for biomethanation, potentially enhancing its efficiency through pH adjustment and porosity optimisation.
Key words:
biomethanation, glass foam, glass waste material, MCDA, TOSPIS, vulcanised wood ash material