The quality and fermentation of the total diet containing BRS capiaçu or sugarcane with or without urea
State University of Southwest of Bahia, BR45700-000 Itapetinga, Bahia, Brazil
*Correspondence: nvszootecnista@gmail.com
Abstract:
The objective of this study was to evaluate total diet silages in PVC silos, containing BRS Capiaçu or sugarcane with or without urea. The experimental design was completely randomized with a 2×2 factorial arrangement with ten replicates, with one of the roughages (sugarcane or Capiaçu) being with or without urea (2% urea on a dry matter basis). No interaction was observed between the bulk and urea factors for the variables analyzed. Diets containing sugarcane presented greater gas losses and lower pH. In contrast, effluent losses and dry matter recovery were higher in diets containing BRS Capiaçu. Ammonia nitrogen levels were influenced by both the type of roughage and the addition of urea, being higher in diets with urea and those containing BRS Capiaçu. Diets with BRS Capiaçu also resulted in higher levels of ash, NDF, ADF, hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin. The addition of urea, in turn, reduced lignin levels. The levels of ADIN and NDIN were higher in diets with BRS Capiaçu and lower in those with sugarcane, while urea reduced ADIN. For NFC, there was an effect of roughage and urea, with higher values observed in diets with sugarcane and with the addition of urea. The highest iNDF levels were found in diets with BRS Capiaçu and without urea. Protein fractionation showed that the addition of urea increased fraction A and reduced fractions B1+B2 and C. Fraction B3 was higher in diets with sugarcane. Fraction C showed higher levels with BRS Capiaçu and when urea was not added. Sugarcane resulted in higher levels of fractions A+B1 and lower levels of B2 and C, a pattern opposite to that observed with BRS Capiaçu. Similarly, urea increased fractions A+B1 and decreased fractions B2 and C. The addition of urea to the diets promoted changes in the carbohydrate and protein fractions, improving the composition. Regarding the roughage used, sugarcane presented better fermentation parameters when purchased from Capiaçu.
Key words:
chemical composition, conservation, fermentation, total mixed ration