Suitability of winter triticale varieties for bioethanol production in Latvia

I. Jansone, S. Malecka and V. Miglane

State Stende Cereals Breeding Institute, p/o Dizstende, Talsi district, LV–3258 Latvia;e-mail: stende.selekcija@apollo.lv

Abstract:

The research was carried out at the State Stende Cereals Breeding Institute in experimental years 2007/08 and 2008/09. The subject of the research was the suitability of seven winter triticale varieties and lines for bioethanol production. Two supplementary fertilization rates of nitrogen were used (N 100 kg ha-1 and N 140 kg ha-1). The correlations of characteristics of different varieties were evaluated. During the research the analysis of grain quality (starch and crude protein content) was carried out. The theoretical bioethanol outcome (L t-1) and yield (L ha-1) were calculated by using the indicators of starch content. The results of the research show that the winter triticale variety ‘Dinaro’ and line 9402-3 with the highest theoretically calculated bioethanol outcome (489.4 L t-1 and 486.5 L t-1) and the highest starch content of the grains (681.19 g kg-1and 677.13 g kg-1) were the most suitable for the bioethanol production in Latvian conditions. No substantial effect of the fertilization methods on the starch content in grains and on the theoretically calculated ethanol outcome was observed.

Key words:

bioethanol, crude protein, starch, winter triticale

The occurrence and control of aphids and thrips in winter triticale

R. Smatas

Lithuanian Institute of Agriculture, Instituto aleja 1, Akademija, Kedainiai dist., LT58344,Lithuania; remigijus@lzi.lt

Abstract:

Studies were carried out at the Lithuanian Institute of Agriculture during the period 2002–2004. Contact and systemic insecticides were used for pest control in winter triticale. Pesticide application timing was determined according to the threshold of harmfulness of thrips and aphids. In our investigation we used as the threshold of thrips’ harmfulness, 1–2 pests per stem, and for aphids, 5–10 pests per stem. Our results suggest that thrips and aphids were the main pests occurring in winter triticale crops during the experimental years. The occurrence of thrips was more intensive in 2002 and 2003 than in 2004. The occurrence of aphids was the most intensive in 2002, less intensive in 2004. Almost no aphids were found in 2003. The appearance of aphids in 2004 was later compared with that in 2002. Both insecticides reduced the occurrence of thrips and aphids. The winter triticale grain yield was higher in the plots applied with insecticides.

Key words: