Tag Archives: cattle

134-147 A. Hauliková, J. Lendelová, Š. Mihina and P. Kuchar
The impact of ventilation type on the heat load of dairy cows
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The impact of ventilation type on the heat load of dairy cows

A. Hauliková*, J. Lendelová, Š. Mihina and P. Kuchar

Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Building Equipment and Technology Safety, Trieda Andreja Hlinku 2, CZ949 76 Nitra, Slovak Republic
*Correspondence: xhaulikova@uniag.sk

Abstract:

Heat load in cattle causes deterioration of health and reduced production of milk. Therefore, it is necessary to protect cows by appropriate passive and active means and monitor the air quality in barns. Based on several indicators of environmental quality, is possible to make a more comprehensive assessment of the microclimate and more precise conclusions. This study, was monitoring the values of air temperature, relative humidity, and air velocity in two barns with the same volume and layout with floor dimensions of 26.6 m × 62.1 m. In barn 1, roof ridge of which had underwent only partial reconstruction, there were installed fourteen basket fans with a total fan performance Q(1)fans = 218,400 m3 h-1. In barn 2, there were twelve panel fans with a total fan performance Q(2)fans = 289,320 m3 h-1. The resulting THI, HLI and ETIC values were compared in relation to each other and in relation to the recommended values.

Despite the operating ventilation technology and enlargement of wall openings, the above-limit values of climatic characteristics were observed in both barns during tropical days. There were no differences between the barns (p ˃ 0.05), in barn 1: THI(1) = 83.10 ± 0.51; HLI(1) = 85.62 ± 1.42; ETIC(1) = 27.24 ± 0.31, and in barn 2: THI(2) = 83.12 ± 0.34; HLI(2) = 85.77 ± 1.50; ETIC(2) = 27.29 ± 0.28, however, there were found significant differences in values of temperature indices obtained in the detailed measurements at points arranged perpendicularly, as well as parallelly, to the direction of air velocity in the animal zone (p < 0.05).

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1255–1266 M. Gaworski and S. Turbakiewicz
Understanding animal welfare by students and graduates of different studies
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Understanding animal welfare by students and graduates of different studies

M. Gaworski* and S. Turbakiewicz

Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Department of Production Engineering, Institute of Mechanical Engineering, Nowoursynowska 166, PL02-787 Warsaw, Poland

Abstract:

Animal welfare is one of the key elements of contemporary approach to animal production. Social consciousness of animal welfare concerns first of all persons responsible for practical implementation of individual solutions for animal welfare improvement. But what about other group of peoples and their relation to animal welfare? The aim of the paper was to analyze some aspects of animal welfare assessment including opinions given by young Polish citizens. The idea of the paper was to investigate, how kind of higher education represented by citizens show effect on understanding of animal welfare problems. The scope of the paper included survey, where 165 graduates of different studies (humanities, polytechnic, medical, economic, art and life sciences studies) had the possibility to present and assess their knowledge on animal welfare. In one of the questions, interpreting an ideal farm with animal production, most respondents, regardless of the field of study, pointed to the key role of maintaining the highest standards determining the welfare and comfort of livestock.

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1018-1026 K.L. Silva-Martínez, L. Cruz-Rivero, A. Arrieta-González and R. Purroy-Vasquez
Non-Invasive measurer for methane and carbone dioxide emissions in bovine cattle through TRIZ
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Non-Invasive measurer for methane and carbone dioxide emissions in bovine cattle through TRIZ

K.L. Silva-Martínez¹, L. Cruz-Rivero¹*, A. Arrieta-González¹ and R. Purroy-Vasquez²

¹TECNM/ ITS-TANTOYUCA, Posgrado e Investigación, Desv. Lindero Tametate SN Col. La Morita CP 92100, Tantoyuca, Veracruz, México
²TECNM /ITS- Zongolica, Posgrado e Investigación, Km 4 Carretera a la Compañia S/N, Tepetliplanapa, CP 95005, Tantoyuca, Veracruz, México
*Correspondence: lilirivero@gmail.com

Abstract:

Greenhouse gases (GHG), mainly methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2), can be generated in agricultural activities, not only in waste but also in the process of breathing of livestock. The Theory of Inventive Problem Solving (TRIZ) is an innovative Russian methodology that allows finding the solution to a problem raised. This paper presents the use of two TRIZ tools to design a non-invasive prototype that detects CH4 and CO2 emitted by cattle in real time. The tools were the matrix of technical contradictions and the nine-screen analysis with which the parameter to be improved (A) was found and the best possible solution to design a prototype that allows quantifying gases for animal welfare, Final Ideal Result (IFR) a wireless module with a sensor system for each of the gases placed on the bovine head, which convert the detected gas into an electrical signal to be sent wirelessly to a range of 1.5 km in free space at a receiver for its visualization representing the parts per million (ppm) of CH4 and CO2 that the bovine is generating during the measurement.

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1090–1098 V. Vtoryi, S. Vtoryi and V. Gordeev
Hydrogen sulfide emissions from cattle manure: experimental study
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Hydrogen sulfide emissions from cattle manure: experimental study

V. Vtoryi*, S. Vtoryi and V. Gordeev

Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution ‘Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM’, Filtrovskoje shosse, 3 p.o. Tiarlevo, Saint Petersburg, RU196625, Russia
*Correspondence: vvtoryj@yandex.ru

Abstract:

Animal waste products, manure, in particular, are the sources of gases harmful to human and animal health. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), which is produced from the breakdown of organic matter in animal faeces, is one of them. Its concentration in the cow barn air should not exceed 5 mg m−3. A special laboratory setup was designed and the level of hydrogen sulfide emissions from the cow manure was determined depending on the time and manure temperature and moisture content. The most intensive emission of hydrogen sulfide from manure was in the first 24 hours – the increment of H2S concentration was 0.168 mg m−3 per hour average. During the next 24 hours, it was 0.021 mg m−3 per hour. When the manure temperature increased, H2S concentration increased also; when the temperature manure decreased, H2S concentration decreased also. In 48 hours, the hydrogen sulfide concentration was 1.1 mg m−3 at the manure temperature of +3.0 °C. At the manure temperature of +23.4 °C and 21.3 °C, H2S concentration was 6.53 mg m−3 and 4.97 mg m−3, respectively. The higher was the manure moisture content, the lower was the emission of hydrogen sulfide into the environment. After 24 hours under the manure moisture content of 88.5% and 92.5% and its temperature of 21 °С ± 0.3 °С, the difference in the hydrogen sulfide concentration was 1.18 times depending on the manure moisture content. The selected regression equations described the dependence of the hydrogen sulfide concentration on the considered factors. The determination coefficients and Student’s criteria proved the reliability of the results obtained at the significance level P ≤ 0.05.

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879–889 P. Vaculík and A. Smejtková
Assessment of selected parameters of automatic and conventional equipment used in cattle feeding
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Assessment of selected parameters of automatic and conventional equipment used in cattle feeding

P. Vaculík* and A. Smejtková

Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Technological Equipment of Buildings, Kamýcká 129, CZ165 21 Prague 6 - Suchdol, Czech Republic
*Correspondence: vaculik@tf.czu.cz

Abstract:

A cattle farming is a very important sector of agriculture. In the Czech Republic, both breeds with ‘combined useful’ as well as ‘meat cattle’ are breeding, but especially ‘dairy cattle’ breeds. Providing feed at the right time, in required quantity and quality is the basis of successful breeding, especially in breeding dairy cows. Automatic systems are present in almost all sectors of human activity, and livestock production is no exception. Fully automatic feeding systems for pigs or poultry are already in use. The process of milking cattle using automated milking systems is also sufficiently mastered. An interesting trend is the installation of automated feeding systems for cattle feeding. They are stationary lines that perform the following operations: they dose the individual components of the feed mixture, mix the feed mixture and distribute it to the relevant feed places. All these activities are usually done without the presence of a person. The automated feeding system Lely Vector and the conventional feeding system using feeding wagon Cernin were compared. The number of automated feed wagon runs has been monitored and then the feed consumption was compared while using automatic and conventional equipment. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the benefits of an automatic feed system with regard to the conventional feed system through a mobile feed car.

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