Tag Archives: DPPH

xxx M. del R. Jacobo-Salcedo, L.Á. González-Espíndola, I. Sánchez Cohen, R. Valdez-Cepeda, R. Trejo-Calzada, E. Nava-Reyna and J.G. Arreola-Ávila
Variable responses of Ficus carica genotypes to water deficit: antioxidant and membrane stability insights
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Variable responses of Ficus carica genotypes to water deficit: antioxidant and membrane stability insights

M. del R. Jacobo-Salcedo¹, L.Á. González-Espíndola², I. Sánchez Cohen¹, R. Valdez-Cepeda³, R. Trejo-Calzada²*, E. Nava-Reyna¹ and J.G. Arreola-Ávila²

¹Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Relaciones Agua Suelo Planta Atmósfera del Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales Agrícolas y Pecuarias, km 6.5 Canal Sacramento Zona Industrial, C.P. 35140 Gómez Palacio, Durango, México
²Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Unidad Regional de Zonas Áridas, Carretera Gómez Palacio-Cd. Juárez, km 40. C.P. 35230, Bermejillo, Durango, México
³Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Centro Regional Universitario Centro-Norte, Apdo. Postal 196, C.P. 98001, Zacatecas, México
*Correspondence: rtrejo@chapingo.uruza.edu.mx

Abstract:

Drought stress is a significant challenge to agricultural productivity, particularly for fig plants, which require robust adaptive mechanisms against water-limited environments. This study aims to assess the biochemical responses of six different fig genotypes to varying soil moisture conditions. The measures of electric conductivity (EC), antioxidant activity (AA), total flavonoid (TFC), total phenolic (TPC), tannins (TT), and total protein (TP) were used as markers of stress tolerance in water deficit (WD) and rehydration conditions. Results showed genotype-specific differences in AA and secondary metabolite production. TFC was associated with enhanced oxidative stress tolerance, particularly under WD conditions, as the Arista genotype showed a 40% increase at 7 days after irrigation suspension. TPC levels indicated a general increase in response to WD, with the Arista genotype exhibiting the most pronounced rise. Conversely, TT decreased by nearly 50% in the Ceballos genotype under field capacity (FC) conditions, likely due to dilution effects from increased growth rates. In addition, TP varied significantly among genotypes, with the San Antonio genotype showing a 25% increase under WD. These findings provide insights into physiological mechanisms underpinning fig plant adaptation to water stress, highlighting the potential of specific genotypes for cultivation in arid and semi-arid regions, offering a framework for selecting young drought-resistant fig varieties.

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346-355 A. Avena, L. Ozola and A. Keke
Evaluation of phenolic compound composition of Sambucus nigra berries grown in Latvia
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Evaluation of phenolic compound composition of Sambucus nigra berries grown in Latvia

A. Avena*, L. Ozola and A. Keke

Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Technology, Institute of Food, Lielā iela 2, LV-3001, Jelgava, Latvia
*Correspondence: anita.avena@gmail.com

Abstract:

Phenolic compounds in agricultural raw materials can vary within a species and can be affected by a combination of such factors as growing region, weather conditions and fruit ripeness. Climatic differences between the southern, central and northern parts of Europe can cause differences in the phenolic compounds present in the plant. The research was aimed to investigate the phenolic compounds of berries of Sambucus nigra varieties grown for commercial production in Latvia. During the study four elderberry varieties were analysed – ‘Haidegg 17’, ‘Korsör’, ‘Haschberg’ and ‘Emma’. All samples were analysed for total phenolic compound content (TPC), DPPH free radical scavenging activity and individual phenolic compounds. In addition, sample pH and total soluble solids (TSS) were measured. Results showed that ‘Emma’ berry samples had the highest value of TSS content – 10.5% (°Bx) and the lowest pH value – 3.65. The variety ‘Korsör’ showed the lowest TSS content – 8.1% (°Bx) as well as the lowest TPC and DPPH free radical scavenging activity, the variety ‘Haschberg’ showed the highest pH value. The variety ‘Haidegg 17’ stood out with a high TPC. In total six phenolic compounds were identified and quantified in the analysed samples – gallic acid, catechin, chlorogenic acid, p-coumaric acid, sinapic acid and 3,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid. According to the obtained results, it was evident that the indicators for some parameters differ from the information available in the literature about the composition of berries of crops grown in other regions. This suggests that it is worth further researching elder tree varieties grown in northern climate.

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2005–2015 R. Nurzyńska-Wierdak, H. Łabuda, H. Buczkowska and A. Sałata
Pericarp of colored-seeded common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) varieties a potential source of polyphenolic compounds
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Pericarp of colored-seeded common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) varieties a potential source of polyphenolic compounds

R. Nurzyńska-Wierdak, H. Łabuda, H. Buczkowska* and A. Sałata

University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Faculty of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Department of Vegetable Crops and Medicinal Plants, Akademicka 15, PL20-950 Lublin, Poland
*Correspondence: halina.buczkowska@up.lublin.pl

Abstract:

Bioactive substances produced by plants are defined as secondary metabolites causing different pharmacological effects in human organism. Various plant raw materials, some known as vegetables or spices, are their source. Pericarp of white-seeded common bean varieties is a pharmacopoeial product traditionally used as an antidiabetic agent. The object of this study was to evaluate the biological value of pericarp of colored beans (cultivars: ‘Małopolanka’, ‘Nida’, ‘Rawela’, ‘Tip Top’, and ‘Nigeria’) compared to the reference white-seeded cultivar (‘Laponia’). Bean pericarp was characterized by a high level of polyphenolic compounds and antioxidant activity. Its phenolic acid content (expressed as caffeic acid equivalents) was at a similar level, at least 0.1 mg g-1 (0.01%). The highest amount of flavonoids was accumulated by the cultivars with dark blue and black seeds, respectively 0.138 and 0.139 mg g-1 DW, as well as by the white-seeded cultivar (0.132 mg g-1 DW). The highest antioxidant activity (AA) was found for bean extracts of the cultivars ‘Laponia’ and ‘Małopolanka’, respectively 12.35 and 12.10%. Phenolic acid content was significantly positively correlated with AA of the bean extracts tested. This study indicates that pericarp of the colored-seeded bean cultivars is characterized by high biological value and can be used as a source of polyphenolic compounds.

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1287–1294 M. Eliášová and L. Paznocht
Total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of tritordeum wheat and barley
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Total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of tritordeum wheat and barley

M. Eliášová* and L. Paznocht

Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Department of Chemistry, Kamýcka 129, CZ16521, Prague 6, Czech Republic
*Correspondence: eliasovam@af.czu.cz

Abstract:

Whole grains are a source of numerous antioxidant compounds such as phenolic compounds, anthocyanins, phenolic acids, proanthocyanidins, lignans and others which are able to scavenge free radicals. Thus cereals seem to be very useful in preventing chronic diseases like metabolic syndrome (obesity, high blood pressure, high blood triglyceride and glucose levels), diabetes, neurodegenerative diseases, cancer and chronic inflammatory diseases. Recently, there has been an increased consumer demand for cereal based foods, especially whole cereals. Such demand provides scope for innovations of which an important one is introduction of a completely new cereal cross called tritordeum. This alternative cereal, which is presented as a good source of health beneficial compounds, was assessed in this study and compared with wheat and barley. The total phenolic content (TPC) and related total antioxidant activity (TAA) were investigated via two spectrophotometric methods using a stable 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryhydrazyl radical (DPPH) and Folin-Ciocalteau reagent respectively. Both TPC and related TAA values of tritordeum and wheat were similar but were significantly lower compared to barley. Results have also revealed a close relationship between TAA and TPC (R2 = 0.93, p < 0.05), which might suggest that increased antioxidant activity in those grains is caused by phenolic compounds contained in them. Tritordeum seems to represent a new cereal with good prospects; nevertheless more detailed analysis of its health related compounds is required.

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