Germination characteristics of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) affected by temperature variation
¹University of Andalas, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Agronomy,
Limau Manis, Pauh Distric, Padang, 25163 West Sumatera, Indonesia
²University of Andalas, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Soil Science,
Limau Manis, Pauh Distric, Padang, 25163 West Sumatera, Indonesia
*Correspondence: afrimasari@agr.unand.ac.id
Abstract:
Germination was essential in preparation for the subsequent few sorghum growth cycles, but increasing the temperature was a major limiting factor. Temperature change effect, provide information on appropriate sorghum cultivation techniques. Sorghum was the principal cereal grown for food, feed, fodder, starch, fiber, dextrose syrup, biofuels, and bioenergy. This study evaluated the effect of temperature variation on the viability and vigor of sorghum seeds. This research applies Factorial Experiment in Completely Random Design, where the first factor is three genotypes of sorghum Numbu, G1Marapi, and G3Marapi. The second factor was the temperature variation of 18 °C–38 °C. Sorghum seeds were germinated for ten days and placed in the growth chamber. The result showed that every 2 °C temperature increase gives a different response to the germination of sorghum. The optimum temperature for sorghum seed germination was 20 °C–32 °C, with good viability and vigor of > 80%. Root and shoot growth was optimal at 24 °C–28 °C, such as Numbu has a root length of 17.0 cm and shoot length of 18.3 cm at 24 °C, but at 38 °C, no seed germination. However, the morphological mechanisms of sorghum response were a basis for information to get tolerant genotype and maximize utilization of its local germplasm to develop improved cultivars.
Key words:
denaturation, germination, high temperature, tolerant, vigor