Tag Archives: intercrops

465-470 L. Sarunaite, I. Deveikyte, R. Semaskiene and Z. Kadziuliene
The influence of grain legumes on spring wheat yield formation and phytosanitary state
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The influence of grain legumes on spring wheat yield formation and phytosanitary state

L. Sarunaite, I. Deveikyte, R. Semaskiene and Z. Kadziuliene

Lithuanian Institute of Agriculture, Instituto al. 1, Akademija, Kedainiai LT-58344, Lithuania;e-mail: lina@lzi.lt

Abstract:

The aim of the present study was to determine the influence of grain legumes on spring wheat yield, its quality and phytosanitary state in an organic farming system. The experiment was carried out in 2007 and 2008 at the Lithuanian Institute of Agriculture in Dotnuva on a loamy Endocalcari-Ephypogleyic Cambisol. Grain legumes – pea, lupine, bean, vetch and wheat were sown as intercrops and sole crops, and were grown organically for grain. The productivity and phytosanitary state of spring wheat sole crops or intercrops depended on the species of grain legume, however, the results varied over the experimental years. In 2007, the vetch and wheat intercrop produced a significantly higher grain yield than wheat in sole crop or in other intercrops. In 2008, no advantages of legume and wheat intercrops were revealed. The nitrogen content was higher in wheat when it was grown with legumes.

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21-32 R. Lauk and E. Lauk
Dual intercropping of common vetch and wheat or oats, effects on yields and interspecific competition
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Dual intercropping of common vetch and wheat or oats, effects on yields and interspecific competition

R. Lauk¹ and E. Lauk²

¹Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life
Sciences, Kreutzwaldi St. 1, EE51014 Tartu, Estonia; e-mail: ruth.lauk@emu.ee. 2
²Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life
Sciences, Kreutzwaldi St. 1, EE51014 Tartu, Estonia; e-mail: ervi.lauk@emu.ee.

Abstract:

A three-year field experiment was conducted in Estonia to determine a) which combinations of vetch (Vicia sativa L.) intercropped with either wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) or oats (Avena sativa L.) were most suitable for mixed cultivation and b) the effect of vetch on the yield potential of cereals in different weather conditions as compared to the respective sole crops of cereals. The vetch-wheat intercrops did not produce any greater yield than wheat sole crops but the yield of vetch-oats intercrops was higher as compared to oat sole crops and vetchwheat intercrops. The grain yield of vetch when intercropped was strongly correlated with seed density. In the years of normal precipitation and at higher vetch seed densities (over 60 seeds m- 2 ) the grain yield of intercrops was lower than that of the respective cereal sole crops. The yield of the cereal component was higher in sole crops and when increasing vetch seed density cereal grain yield decreased. The inter-specific competitiveness of wheat towards vetch increased when doubling the wheat seed density. Likewise the relatively dry growth period favored the growth of wheat as compared to vetch. Vetch-cereal intercrops produced considerably higher protein yields on the soil without any N-fertiliser than cereal sole crops and are regarded as highly suitable for organic farming.

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281-285 S. Maiksteniene and A. Arlauskiene
The effect of agricultural management systems on the weed incidence in cereals
Abstract |

The effect of agricultural management systems on the weed incidence in cereals

S. Maiksteniene and A. Arlauskiene

Joniskelis Research Station of the Lithuanian Institute of Agriculture, Joniskelis,LT-39301 Pasvalys District, Lithuania; e-mail: joniskelio_lzi@post.omnitel.net

Abstract:

Two field trials were carried out at the Lithuanian Institute of Agriculture’s Joniskelis Research Station on an Endocalcari-Endohypogleyic Cambisol. The experiments were designed to identify the effects of legume pre-crops and intercrops as well as the impact of their biomass incorporated as green manure on the weed incidence in succeeding cereals. The effects of legume pre-crops red clover, sown lucerne, and vetch and oats mixture on the incidence of weeds were determined by their weed incidence and the cereal crop’s suppressive power that formed under its effect. Undersown intercrops (Trifolium pratense L., Lolium multiflorum Lam., Dactylis glomerata L.), reduced the number of weeds in cereals (on average 13.9%). During the cereal post-harvest period red clover performed best at suppressing weeds, and its positive effect persisted in the year following incorporation of intercrops biomass. The effect of intercrops as post-crops (Raphanus sativus L., Sinapis alba L.) on weed incidence in the cereal crop depended upon the weather conditions that determined intercrop emergence time and intensity of plant development.

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