Tag Archives: low temperature

758-776 K. Ivanovs and D. Blumberga
Psychrophilic plug-flow digester with assisted solar heat – small-scale system feasibility
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Psychrophilic plug-flow digester with assisted solar heat – small-scale system feasibility

K. Ivanovs¹²* and D. Blumberga¹

¹Riga Technical University, Institute of Energy Systems and Environment, Āzenes iela 12/1, LV 1048 Riga, Latvia
²Liepaja University, Institute of Science and Innovative Technologies,
Lielā iela 14, LV-3401 Liepaja, Latvia
*Correspondence: kaspars.ivanovs@hotmail.com

Abstract:

Paper discusses using a low-temperature biogas reactor with a solar support system technology as a management tool of biodegradable waste in small scale. A feasibility study looks at primary factors affecting anaerobic digestion process and solar heat production, design examination of a solar heating for anaerobic digester and possible technology application, also defines the multilocality of biogas, illustrates diffusion of innovation for diversification of biogas production. Analysis confirms solar heat increases efficiency and production of biogas, decreases costs and toxicity of digestate. Results show that for implementation of technology in rural areas further research in socio-economic, sourcing of feedstock and customization is needed.

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2069-2075 P. Kic
Electric infrared heating panels as an alternative source of heating for greenhouses
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Electric infrared heating panels as an alternative source of heating for greenhouses

P. Kic

Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Technological Equipment of Buildings, Kamycka 129, CZ165 21 Praha 6, Czech Republic
Correspondence: kic@tf.czu.cz

Abstract:

The aim of this article is to show the possibilities of supplementary heating of greenhouses. There was used for this research an electric infrared heating panel ITA 700. The average total power was 630.8 W in laboratory measurements, of which 504.3 W has been transferred by the front part of the panel, of which 267.2 W has been transmitted by radiation. The total radiation efficiency of the front part was 42.4%. Similar measurements have been carried out in an experimental greenhouse (length 24 m, width 3.5 m). Approximately 448 W of average total power 603.7 W has been transferred by the front part of the panel, of which 159 W has been transferred by radiation. The total radiation efficiency of the front part was 26.3%. Differences between measured surface temperatures confirmed the influence of panel radiation on the flower bed. The average temperature in the soil (9 °C) shows that the influence of heating is mainly on the surface of the flower bed, where it could protect cultivated plants during the lowest temperature period. The obtained results can be useful for choosing suitable panel parameters for the placement in small horticultural or hobby greenhouse.

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398-409 A. Gruduls, K. Balina, K. Ivanovs and F. Romagnoli
Low temperature BMP tests using fish waste from invasive Round goby of the Baltic Sea
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Low temperature BMP tests using fish waste from invasive Round goby of the Baltic Sea

A. Gruduls*, K. Balina, K. Ivanovs and F. Romagnoli

Riga Technical University, Institute of Energy Systems and Environment, Azenes street 12-K1, LV-1048 Riga, Latvia
*Correspondence: Arturs.Gruduls@rtu.lv

Abstract:

Round goby (Neogobius melanostomus) is an invasive fish species in the Baltic Sea. While meat can be used for human consumption, fish processing residues are considered as a waste. Within circular economy and bio-economy perspectives fish waste could be used as a valuable feedstock for biogas production. However, the research is mostly focused on evaluating biogas yield at mesophilic conditions (i.e. 37 °C). In this study the impact of low temperature on Biochemical Methane Potential (BMP) tests has been investigated. Round goby’s processing leftovers – heads, intestines and skin/bone mixture were tested in codigestion with sewage sludge. Anaerobic digestion (AD) was carried out in 100 mL batch tests at low temperature 23 °C and 37 °C conditions, over an incubation period of 31 days. The results show that AD at low temperature occurs twice as slowly as under 37 °C conditions. However, after 31 days the BMP values for 23 °C samples were only 2% lower than for high temperature samples. Heads and skins showed similar BMP values reaching on average 502 L CH4 kgVS-1 and 556 L CH4 kgVS-1 respectively. BMP for fish intestines was higher, reaching on average 870 L CH4 kgVS-1. Average BMP for mixes of fish heads, skins, intestines and bones was 660 L CH4 kgVS-1. Acquired BMPs were further compared with the theoretical BMPs from Buswell’s formula. Research results suggests that anaerobic digestion of fish waste under low temperature conditions could be feasible as the process still efficiently occurs, in fact opening a new opportunity to explore the overall sustainability of technologies based on these conversion processes.

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