Agronomic and bromatological characteristics of Cassava cultivars
¹State University of Southwest of Bahia, BR45700-000, Itapetinga, Bahia, Brazil
²Embrapa Cassava and Fruit Growing
*Correspondence: ingriidyduutra@gmail.com
Abstract:
The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential of the aerial part of cassava, analyzing its development and nutritional value, in addition to the production of biomass at different times and with different management. A randomized complete block design was used, with six cassava varieties (BRS Formosa, BRS Mulatinha, Eucalyptus, BRS White Pot, BRS Kiriris and BRS New Horizon) and five replicates, harvested six and twelve months after planting, with and without pruning. To evaluate the amount of biomass produced by the aerial part of cassava and the production of roots, a 6×2 factorial scheme in randomized complete blocks design was conducted. Six cassava varieties were tested, each with five replicates. The plants were harvested at two different times: with pruning (harvesting at six and twelve months after planting) and without pruning (single harvest at twelve months). There was an effect for the characteristics plant height, stem diameter, number of stems, number of leaves, lobe length, lobe width and petiole length, however when they were evaluated at twelve months, there was no effect, only for the characteristics lobe length and petiole length. It was found that there was an effect for dry matter, ether extract, hemicellulose and ADF. The BRS White Pot variety presented a higher concentration of non-fibrous carbohydrates. Differences were observed for neutral detergent fiber corrected for ash and protein and lignin. For the values of total digestible nutrients, the cultivars BRS White Pot, BRS New Horizon and BRS Formosa stood out in relation to the others. There was a difference in the protein fractionation of the different cassava cultivars for total nitrogen fraction, fraction A and fraction C when they were harvested six months after planting. However, when they were evaluated at twelve months, there was only an effect for fraction C. There was an effect for CT, fraction A+B1, fraction B2 and fraction C when they were evaluated six months after planting. However, when they were evaluated twelve months after planting there was no difference for total carbohydrates and fraction B2. The interaction was not significant between the different cultivars and pruning management for the production of green matter, dry matter, crude protein, total digestible nutrients of the aerial part and green matter and dry matter of the roots. In management without pruning, there was an increase in the variables PGMPA, PDMPA, PCPPA and PTDNPA. The cultivars BRS Mulatinha and BRS New Horizon are recommended as they present greater leaf retention and number of stems, providing greater biomass production when managed without pruning.
Key words:
aerial part, Manihot esculenta, productivity, varieties