Tag Archives: nitrous oxide

179-186 T. Šima,, L. Nozdrovický, K. Krištof, M. Dubeňová and J. Krupička
The effect of nitrification inhibitors on nitrous oxide flux from haplic luvisol soil of DASA® 26/13 and ENSIN® fertilisers in a laboratory experiment
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The effect of nitrification inhibitors on nitrous oxide flux from haplic luvisol soil of DASA® 26/13 and ENSIN® fertilisers in a laboratory experiment

T. Šima¹,*, L. Nozdrovický¹, K. Krištof¹, M. Dubeňová² and J. Krupička³

¹Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Machines and Production Systems, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovak Republic; *Correspondence: tomasko.sima@gmail.com 2Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Production Engineering, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovak Republic 3Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Agricultural Machines, Kamýcká 129, 16521 Prague, Czech Republic

Abstract:

The aim of the paper was to compare the effects of two very similar fertilisers on nitrous oxide (N2O) flux from soil to the atmosphere in laboratory conditions. The following fertilisers were used: granulated nitrogenous fertiliser DASA® 26/13 with the nitrogen content of 26%, sulphur content of 13%, and nitrogen fertiliser ENSIN® with the nitrogen content of 26%, sulphur content of 13% and nitrification inhibitors dicyandiamide DCD and 1, 2, 4-triazole (TZ). Both fertilisers are produced by the same manufacturer, DUSLO, Inc., Šala, Slovakia. For both fertilisers, there variants of experiments were carried out for application rates equivalent to 0, 250 and 500 kg ha-1. The amount of the N2O emissions released from soil to the atmosphere was measured by a photo-acoustic field gas monitor INNOVA 1412 connected to a multipoint sampler INNOVA 1309. The experiments were conducted for 30 days in laboratory conditions. The fertiliser was incorporated into the soil in sampling tubes to a depth of 80 mm after 24 hours of measurement. Subsequently, after every 24 hours of measurement, another 48 hours was carried out, and this measuring cycle was repeated 10 times. The results of our experiment have confirmed that the fertiliser application rate and type of the fertiliser used have a significant effect on N2O flux and have confirmed the importance of accurate and uniform application of fertilisers in field conditions in order to eliminate the negative environmental effects.

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207-214 M. Dubeňová, T. Šima, R. Gálik, Š. Mihina, G. Vagač and Š. Boďo
Reduction of nitrous oxide and carbon dioxide in the pig barn piggery by different ventilation system intensities
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Reduction of nitrous oxide and carbon dioxide in the pig barn piggery by different ventilation system intensities

M. Dubeňová¹, T. Šima²⋅*, R. Gálik¹, Š. Mihina¹, G. Vagač³ and Š. Boďo¹

¹Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Production Engineering, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovak Republic 2Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Machines and Production Systems, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovak Republic; *Correspondence: tomasko.sima@gmail.com 3Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Department of Animal Husbandry, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovak Republic

Abstract:

Agriculture, especially animal production, is one of the most important factors influencing greenhouse gases in the atmosphere and causing global warming. The ventilation system in a piggery has a significant impact to carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrous oxide (N2O) concentrations. The concentrations of these gases in pig housing also affect the air quality and welfare of animals. The aim of the paper was to analyze the effect of ventilation system intensity on the concentration of CO2 and N2O in a piggery. An experiment was carried out at the Experimental Centre for Livestock at the Department of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, the Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Slovakia. The concentrations were measured by a photoacoustic field gas monitor INNOVA 1412 connected to a multipoint sampler INNOVA 1309. Three levels of ventilation system intensity were used: low, medium and high. Fattening pigs, the Large White breed were housed in the piggery. For our experiment, three sensors were used inside and two sensors outside the barn. Based on the gathered data, statistically significant differences were found between different ventilation system intensities at a 95.0% confidence level. The concentration of gases fluctuates during day time interval and, based on the results, it is possible to set up a ventilation system intensity to create the best possible air quality in a building for pigs.

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171-178 T. Šima, L. Nozdrovický, K. Krištof, M. Dubeňová and J. Krupička
Impact of the quality of work of fertiliser spreader on nitrous oxide emissions released from soil to the atmosphere
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Impact of the quality of work of fertiliser spreader on nitrous oxide emissions released from soil to the atmosphere

T. Šima¹*, L. Nozdrovický¹, K. Krištof¹, M. Dubeňová² and J. Krupička³

¹Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Machines and Production Systems, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovak Republic; *Correspondence: tomasko.sima@gmail.com 2Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Production Engineering, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovak Republic 3Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Agricultural Machines, Kamýcká 129, 16521 Prague, Czech Republic

Abstract:

Quality of work of fertiliser spreader is one of the most important factors that affect the nitrous oxide (N2O) flux from soil to the atmosphere. Calk ammonium nitrate (CAN) with 27% nitrogen content was spread by a fertiliser spreader VICON RS-L connected with a tractor ZETOR 16145 and incorporated into the soil by a power harrow PÖTTINGER LION 301 six hours after its spreading. Application rate of fertiliser was set for 200 kg ha-1. There were selected five monitoring points based on the deviations of application rate for values 172.14, 188.01, 200.68, 213.08 and 227.34 kg ha-1, which means 46.48, 50.76, 54.18, 57.53 and 61.38 kg N ha-1, respectively. Nitrous oxide emissions were measured 7, 14, 21 and 28 days after fertiliser application and incorporation into the soil by a photoacoustic field gas monitor INNOVA 1412 with a multipoint sampler INNOVA 1309. Concentration of N2O ranged from 0.4264 ppm to 1.2970 ppm. Maximum values were measured 21 days after fertilisation for each variant of the experiment. Based on the data obtained, there were found statistically significant differences among time intervals and among the size of deviations of the application rate at a 95.0% confidence level. Results have shown an impact of the 6% deviation (21 days after fertilisation) and 13.7% deviation (14 and 28 days after fertilisation) from the size of fertiliser application rate on nitrous oxide flux from soil to the atmosphere. There were also found the effects of time interval on nitrous oxide flux from soil to the atmosphere for each of the time intervals 7, 14, 21 and 28 days after fertilisation.

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97-102 T. Šima,, L. Nozdrovický, K. Krištof, M. Dubeňová and J. Krupička
Effect of the nitrogen fertiliser rate on the nitrous oxide flux from haplic luvisol soil in the laboratory experiment
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Effect of the nitrogen fertiliser rate on the nitrous oxide flux from haplic luvisol soil in the laboratory experiment

T. Šima¹,*, L. Nozdrovický², K. Krištof³, M. Dubeňová⁴ and J. Krupička⁵

1,2,3Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Faculty of Engineering,Department of Machines and Production Systems, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra,Slovak Republic;
*Correspondence: tomasko.sima@gmail.com
⁴Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Faculty of Engineering, Departmentof Production Engineering, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovak Republic
⁵Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Faculty of Engineering, Departmentof Agricultural Machines, Kamýcká 129, 16521 Prague, Czech Republic

Abstract:

The aim of the experiment was to study the effect of the variable rate of nitrogenfertiliser on the amount of nitrous oxide (N2O) flux from the soil within a laboratoryexperiment. We have conducted experiments for 30 days under laboratory conditions in order toeliminate the effect of field factors which could affect the results. During the experiment thenitrogen fertiliser DASAMAG® (manufacturer DUSLO, Inc., Slovakia) was used. The haplicluvisol soil properties were determined by pedological analysis. The amount of N2O emissionsemitting from soil was measured by photo-acoustic field gas monitor INNOVA 1412 withmultipoint sampler INNOVA 1309. There were carried out 3 variants of the experiment(application rates 0, 500 and 1,000 kg ha-1) with two replications. The fertiliser wasincorporated into the soil in sampling tubes to a depth of 80 mm after 24-hours measurement.Subsequently, after every 24 hours of measurements, 48 hours rest was carried out, and thismeasuring cycle was repeated 10 times. During the experiment the concentration of emissionsin sampling tubes considerably varied in comparison with the emissions concentration beforefertilising. Maximum values were measured on the 24th day after incorporation of fertiliser forboth application rates. The results of our experiment show that the application rate of fertiliserhas a significant effect on N2O flux and have confirmed the importance of the accurate and evenfertilisers application in order to eliminate the negative environmental effects.

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103-110 T. Šima,, L. Nozdrovický, M. Dubeňová, K. Krištof and J. Krupička
Effect of crop residues on nitrous oxide flux in the controlled traffic farming system during the soil tillage by LEMKEN Rubin 9 disc harrow
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Effect of crop residues on nitrous oxide flux in the controlled traffic farming system during the soil tillage by LEMKEN Rubin 9 disc harrow

T. Šima¹,*, L. Nozdrovický², M. Dubeňová³, K. Krištof⁴ and J. Krupička⁵

¹,²,⁴Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Faculty of Engineering,
Department of Machines and Production Systems, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra,
Slovak Republic; *Correspondence: tomasko.sima@gmail.com
³Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Faculty of Engineering, Department
of Production Engineering, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovak Republic
⁵Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Faculty of Engineering, Department
of Agricultural Machines, Kamýcká129, 16521 Prague, Czech Republic

Abstract:

Nitrous oxide (N2O) is one of the most important greenhouse gases. Agriculture, especially soil tillage and the use of fertilisers, significantly contributes to N2O emissions from soil into the atmosphere. The aim of the paper was the comparison of the amount of nitrous oxide emissions released from the soil into the atmosphere depending on crop residues in conditions of a controlled traffic farming (CTF) system. Monitoring points were selected in parts of a field with/ without crop residues and in trafficked and non-trafficked areas. There were realised three variants of the experiment: before soil tillage, right after soil tillage and seven days after soil tillage. Soil tillage was carried out by a LEMKEN Rubin 9 disc harrow with a JOHN DEERE 8230 tractor on the loamy soil after the harvest of winter wheat. The used laboratory method of measuring N2O emissions released from the soil into the atmosphere consists of collecting soil samples from the field and their subsequent analysis in the laboratory. There were used INNOVA devices which consist of a photo-acoustic field gas monitor INNOVA 1412 based on the infrared photo-acoustic detection method, a multipoint sampler INNOVA 1309 used for gas sampling transport to the gas analyser INNOVA 1412, and a notebook with operation software used for the control and setup of the analysis. There was discovered an effect of crop residues and soil compaction on the nitrous oxide flux.

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