Tag Archives: oilseed radish

xxx Y. Tsytsiura
Estimation of biomethane yield from silage fermented biomass of oilseed radish (Raphanus sativus l. var. oleiformis Pers.) for different sowing and harvesting dates
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Estimation of biomethane yield from silage fermented biomass of oilseed radish (Raphanus sativus l. var. oleiformis Pers.) for different sowing and harvesting dates

Y. Tsytsiura

Faculty of Agronomy and Forestry, Vinnytsia National Agrarian University, Soniachna street, 3, UA21008 Vinnytsia, Ukraine
*Correspondence: yaroslavtsytsyura@ukr.net, yaroslav301974@gmail.com

Abstract:

The potential possibility of using oilseed radish biomass of different sowing dates (technological interval from spring to summer (post-harvest) sowing) and phenological harvesting (budding-green pod) after the silage fermentation procedure for the production of biogas and biomethane using the methodology of anaerobic digestion with the addition of inoculum was investigated. Comprehensive methods for assessing the kinetics and dynamics of production of both total biogas volumes and biomethane production levels were applied, with an assessment of the levels of approximation of the curves of daily volume fixation.

Based on a systematic analysis with an assessment of the individual characteristics of the kinetics of the process of anaerobic digestion of silage substrate for each variant of the experiment, the high potential of this crop at different terms of its sowing and harvesting with a level of bioproductivity at the level of 0.54–3.62 t ha-1 DM (depending on the phase and timing of sowing) at the level of biomethane productivity in the range of SMY 201.03–319.66 LN kg-1ODM at the level of biomethane concentration in the range of 49.92–59.11%.

The maximum level of biomethane production was achieved when using silage mass (inoculum subtracted) obtained by silage fermentation from fresh biomass harvested in the flowering phase during the first sowing period with a level of biochemical methane potential (BMPGomp) of 344.13 LN kg-1ODM, specific methane yield (SMY) of 319.66 LN kg-1ODM at a maximum specific methane production rate (Rm) of 33.74 LN kg-1ODM d-1.

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193-221 Y. Tsytsiura
Assessment of the relation between the adaptive potential of oilseed radish varieties (Raphanus sativus l. var. oleiformis Pers.) and chlorophyll fluorescence induction parameters
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Assessment of the relation between the adaptive potential of oilseed radish varieties (Raphanus sativus l. var. oleiformis Pers.) and chlorophyll fluorescence induction parameters

Y. Tsytsiura*

Vinnytsia National Agrarian University, Faculty of Agronomy and Forestry, Sonyachna street, 3, UA21008 Vinnytsia, Ukraine
*Correspondence: yaroslavtsytsyura@ukr.net, yaroslav301974@gmail.com

Abstract:

The possibility of optimization of the system of varietal identification, particularly of cruciferous crops in the breeding programs an urgent task that needs a scientific solution. A system comparison of a complex model for assessing genotypes for plasticity and stability with indicative basic and derivative indicators of the chlorophyll fluorescence induction curve (CFI) is proposed as a possible solution to this problem. 14 varieties of oilseed radish of different ecological and geographical origin were chosen as the object of research. Widely tested indicators of both methodological approaches were applied, taking into account the agrotechnological aspects of the analysis of oilseed radish plants for uniformity and stability.

The varietal specificity of the basic indicators of the induction of chlorophyll fluorescence of oilseed radish in response to changes in the stress level of the years of the research period
was established. The determined interval of correlation-regression dependencies at the level
of -0.382–(-0.658) (p < 0.05–0.01) between the indicators of genotypic stability (Gp), adaptability (bi), and selection value (Sv) and the basic indicators of the CFI curve such as minimal fluorescence (F0), fluorescence of the ‘plateau’ zone (Fрl), maximal fluorescence (Fm) and fluorescence stationary level (Fst). Direct correlations were determined at the level of 0.652–0.745 (p < 0.01–0.001) in the same comparison system for maximal fluorescence (Fm), fluorescence rise (dFpl), maximum variable fluorescence (Fv), photochemical efficiency (EP), leaf water potential (Lwp), plant viability index (RFd), efficiency of the initial reactions of photosynthesis (Kprp), coefficient of decline of the fluorescence (Kfd). The indicated pair correlation dependences were confirmed by the results of multiple regression analysis for the value of multiple regression coefficients (R) in the interval of 0.793–0.833 (p < 0.05–0.01).

On the basis of the obtained data, an integrated version of the assessment of varieties of cruciferous crops is proposed, which allows optimization of the system of varietal identification, particularly of cruciferous crops, in the breeding programs of their pre- and post-registration study, as well as the system of searching for donors and sources of relevant traits in the breeding hybridization programs at various levels. In terms of further research, it will be promising to apply this variant of the analysis to wild species of cruciferous crops in a single complex with their cultural forms to assess the regularities of the formation of adaptations under the directed trait selection process.

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682-724 Y. Tsytsiura
Chlorophyll fluorescence induction method in assessing the efficiency of pre-sowing agro-technological construction of the oilseed radish (Raphanus sativus L. var. oleiformis Pers.) agrocenosis
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Chlorophyll fluorescence induction method in assessing the efficiency of pre-sowing agro-technological construction of the oilseed radish (Raphanus sativus L. var. oleiformis Pers.) agrocenosis

Y. Tsytsiura*

Vinnytsia National Agrarian University, Faculty of Agronomy and Forestry,
Sonyachna Str., 3, UA21008 Vinnytsia, Ukraine
*Correspondence: yaroslavtsytsyura@ukr.net, yaroslav301974@gmail.com

Abstract:

Chlorophyll fluorescence induction (CFI) is a measure of photosynthetic performance and is widely used by plant physiologists and ecophysiologists. The basic principle of CFI analysis is relatively straightforward. The specified method of analysis during 2015–2020 was applied to assess the optimality of selection of technological sowing parameters such as sowing rate (estimated interval 0.5–4.0 million germinable seeds ha-1), row width (15–30 cm), pre-sowing fertilizer (N0–90P0–90K0–90) for three varieties of oilseed radish. The widely tested basic indicators of the CFI curve (F0, Fpl, Fm, Fst) were used, as well as possible indices and ratios calculated on their basis in accordance with the CFI analysis methodology.

For the first time, the species characteristics of oilseed radish were investigated by the nature of the CFI curve in relation to spring rape, white mustard, and spring mustard on the 1.5 germinable seeds ha-1 (30 cm row width, N0P0K0) variant. It was established by the stress sensitivity category of the PSII photosystem that a reliable possibility of using the CFI method for identification studied technological options for sowing. The share of the influence of the technological factor of the sowing method (in %) on the formation of indicators F0, Fpl, Fm, Fst in the dispersion scheme of the experiment was consistently 19.3, 8.4, 19.5, 6.3. The influence of the seeding rate factor on the results of F0, Fpl, Fm, Fst was (in %) 26.6, 9.5, 42.3, 9.3 and the influence of the fertilizer factor was 13.5, 16.4, 5.7, 12.7, respectively.

The formation of the specified basic indicators of the CFI curve in the resulting interaction of the technological parameters of sowing depended on the hydrothermal conditions of the vegetation of oilseed radish with the share of influence of 20.1, 40.2, 28.1, 30.0, respectively. It was determined that the decrease in the indicator of the hydrothermal coefficient (in the ratio of the increase in the sum of average daily temperatures to the decrease in the amount of precipitation) ensures the following dynamics of changes in the main and derivative indicators of CFI: a decrease Fpl 1.3%, Fm 11.8%, ER 8.7%, Lwp 15.9%, RFd 25.3%, Kprp 21.9%, Kfd 17.7% and growth F0 5.1%, Fst 7.3%, Que 40.4%, Kef 24.0%, Vt 71.3%.

The comparison during the study period of options 4.0 and 0.5 million germinable seeds ha-1 determined an averaged decrease in F0 and Fst indicators by 29.5% and 29.1% while increasing Fpl and Fm by 2.2% and 38.5%. According to the determined level of CFI indicators for various technological schemes of sowing, an expedient option was recommended, which ensures the highest efficiency of the PSII photosystem of oilseed radish in the range of 1.0–2.0 germinable seeds ha-1 with a fertilization rate of N30–60P30–60K30–60 for row sowing and 1.5 germinable seeds ha-1 with a fertilization rate of N60–90P60–90K60–90 for wide-row sowing.

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300–326 Ya.H. Tsytsiura
Matrix quality variability of oilseed radish (Raphanus sativus L. var. oleiformis Pers.) and features of its formation in technologically different construction of its agrophytocenosis
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Matrix quality variability of oilseed radish (Raphanus sativus L. var. oleiformis Pers.) and features of its formation in technologically different construction of its agrophytocenosis

Ya.H. Tsytsiura

Vinnytsia National Agrarian University, Faculty of Agronomy and Forestry, Sunny street, 3, UA21008 Vinnytsia, Ukraine
Correspondence:yaroslavtsytsyura@ukr.net

Abstract:

Overview of the formation of matrix variability of oilseed radish seeds at two levels: within a single pod and within the generative part of the plant, given the presence of vertical layering in the placement of fruit elements. The peculiarities of formation of variation component of morphological parameters of seeds from different zones of inflorescence were estimated, basing on their electrical scanning for oilseed radish agrophytoconosises of different technological construction and sowing rate against the background of four options of mineral nutrition (without fertilizer to the level 90 kg ha-1 with an equal interval of 30 kg ha-1 of the primary material). The results of the value of matrix variability in morphological and weight characteristics were grounded on the basis of the analysis of the structure of selected seed fractions and their intra-group variation. The main features of formation of morphometric variability of seeds from different zones of inflorescence depending on different technological construction were formulated.

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2217-2244 Y. Tsytsiura
Formation and determination of the individual area of oilseed radish leaves in agrophytocenosises of different technological construction
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Formation and determination of the individual area of oilseed radish leaves in agrophytocenosises of different technological construction

Y. Tsytsiura

Vinnytsia National Agrarian University, Faculty of Agronomy and Forestry, Sonyachna street 3, UA21008 Vinnytsia, Ukraine
Correspondence: yaroslavtsytsyura@ukr.net

Abstract:

For the successful control of the production process, determining the leaf area is a basic requirement. In this context, it is important to determine the regularities of leaf formation within the plant, considering technological parameters of agrophytocenosis construction. These are the important issues covered in this paper based on the years of research conducted between 2013 and 2018 on three cultivars of oilseed radish: one of the poorly explored members of the cruciferous family of multipurpose use. The conducted researches allowed to distinguish features of longline leaf formation of oilseed radish cultivars and mathematically describe features of formation of their area, length and width at the early flowering phase according to the Richards growth curve. The peculiarities of formation of individual leaf area depending on the combination of the variations of the stand density and fertilization in the context of the recommended process regulation of oilseed radish cultivation are also determined. It has been proved possible to use a non–destructive method of determining the individual leaf area of oilseed radish, basing on the evaluation of 29 models, using the following formula S = 7.9316–2.3613L + 0.6897 (LW)+0.0458L2–0.0005 (LW)2 (under the following test parameters of the model: R2 0.9106; RMSE 9.75; d 0.956; BIAS –0.1523).

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