Tag Archives: oxidative stress

33-51 O. Aissaoui, L. Terki, S. Ait Ameur and A. Bitam
In vivo evaluation of antioxydant potential and antihyperglycemic effect of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni
Abstract |

Full text PDF (698 KB)

In vivo evaluation of antioxydant potential and antihyperglycemic effect of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni

O. Aissaoui¹²*, L. Terki¹³, S. Ait Ameur² and A. Bitam²

¹University of Saad Dahlab, Faculty of natural and life sciences, Institute of Science and Applied Technology, Department of Food Science, DZ09000 Blida, Algeria
²National Higher School of Agronomy, Food Technology and Human Nutrition Laboratory, Food Technology Department, DZ16000, El Harrach, Algiers, Algeria
³University of Bejaia, Research Laboratory of Biomathematics, Biochemistry, Biophysics and Scientometrics, DZ06000, Bejaia, Algeria
*Correspondence: aissaoui_ourida@univ-blida.dz

Abstract:

Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni (SR) has a high concentration of phytochemicals that promote health and well-being in conditions such as diabetes. This study aims to assess the antihyperglycemic, antioxidant, and antihyperlipidemic effects of SR on diabetes in male rats caused by Alloxan. Forty adult male rats were divided into five groups. For 28 days, SR was administered by gavage. Spinreact and ELISA kits were used to detect serum levels of blood glucose, insulin, liver function, lipid profiles, antioxidant enzymes, and lipid peroxidation. Histopathology was also investigated. Stevia’s free radical scavenging capabilities have an IC₅₀ value of between 34.49 and 39.66 mg L^-1. Stevia therapy reduced biochemical markers in diabetic rats (DR). After 28 days, SR raised fasting blood glucose, insulin, and lipid peroxidation serum levels by 52%, 40%, and 27%, respectively. Also, in DR treated with SR, there was a substantial increase in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (35.8%), superoxide dismutase (30%), total antioxidant status (20%), glutathione peroxidase and reductase. SR improves DR’s pancreas and liver function by enhancing the endogenous antioxidant system. These findings revealed that SR counteracted Alloxan’s necrotic effects by reducing insulin resistance in DR, hence revitalizing pancreatic β–cells.

Key words:

glycemia, HOMA-IR, liver, oxidative stress, pancreas, Stevia

951-964 O. Farssi, M. Mouradi, F. Aziz and H. Berrougui
Role of acid phosphatase and enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant systems in tolerance of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) populations to low phosphorus availability
Abstract |

Full text PDF (353 KB)

Role of acid phosphatase and enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant systems in tolerance of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) populations to low phosphorus availability

O. Farssi¹²*, M. Mouradi², F. Aziz³ and H. Berrougui¹

¹Sultan Moulay Slimane University, Polydisciplinary Faculty of Beni-Mellal, Polyvalent Unit on R&D, Mghila, PO Box. 592, MA23000 Beni-Mellal, Morocco
²Sultan Moulay Slimane University, Polydisciplinary Faculty of Beni–Mellal, Unit of Biotechnology & Sustainable Development of Natural Resources, Mghila, PO Box. 592, MA23000 Beni-Mellal, Morocco
³Cadi Ayyad University, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Laboratory of Water, Biodiversity and Climate Change, Bd Prince Moulay Abdellah, MA40000 Marrakech, Morocco
*Correspondence: omarfarssi@gmail.com

Abstract:

This study aims at evaluating the tolerance of four alfalfa (Medicgao sativa L.) populations to low phosphorus (P) in rooting medium. The experiment was carried out under controlled conditions. The seedlings of 15 old days were subjected to P deficiency using Ca₃HPO₄, insoluble form and P sufficiency using KH₂PO_4, as soluble form, at a final concentration of 250 μmol P plant⁻¹. week⁻¹. After 60 days P deficit, several agro–physiological and biochemical traits were measured and determined in both conditions. The obtained results indicated that the P–starvation significantly (P < 0.001) reduced the agroeconomic traits evaluated such as plant dry weight and leaf area. The root and shoot P contents were found (P < 0.001) decreased by low–P availability in the rooting medium. This constraint induced significant (P < 0.001) increase in phosphatase acid activity and caused lipid peroxidation and oxidative damage to cells, evaluated through malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide contents. Our results showed also, that low P availability significantly (P < 0.001) increased the enzymatic antioxidant responses reflected by the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), guaiacol peroxidase and catalase. The non-enzymatic antioxidant molecule such as proline and total polyphenols were found significantly increased in alfalfa stressed plants. The behavior of alfalfa populations tested was significantly different (P >0.05). The OL population was found to be the least affected and the DEM was most sensitive one, whereas the populations TATA and RICH showed a moderate tolerance. Our study advises that the tolerance of Moroccan alfalfa populations to low P–availability was associated with increased acid phosphate activity and ability to induce enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant responses leading to cell detoxification from reactive oxygen species (ROS).

Key words:

acid phosphatase, alfalfa, antioxidant activity, oxidative stress, Phosphorus, ROS

144–154 V. Karpenko, S. Pavlyshyn, R. Prytulіak and D. Naherniuk
Content of malondialdehyde and activity of enzyme glutathione-S-transferase in the leaves of emmer wheat under the action of herbicide and plant growth regulator
Abstract |

Full text PDF (4 MB)

Content of malondialdehyde and activity of enzyme glutathione-S-transferase in the leaves of emmer wheat under the action of herbicide and plant growth regulator

V. Karpenko¹*, S. Pavlyshyn¹, R. Prytulіak¹ and D. Naherniuk²

¹Uman National University of Horticulture, Faculty of Horticulture, Ecology and Plants Protection, Department of Biology, Instytutska street, 1, UA20300 Uman, Ukraine
²Uman National University of Horticulture, Faculty of Management, Department of Management, Instytutska street, 1, UA20300 Uman, Ukraine
*Correspondence: unuh1844@gmail.com

Abstract:

The article presents the results of vegetation experiment on the influence of different rates of herbicide Prima Forte 195 – 2-ethylhexyl ether 2.4-D + aminopyralid + florasulam (0.5; 0.6 and 0.7 L ha^-1) under different application methods of plant growth regulator of a natural origin Wuxal BIO Vita (Ascophyllum nodosum extract + microelements) on the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) as an important indicator of the intensity of peroxide oxidation of lipids in plants and on the activity of enzyme glutathione-S-transferase (GST) in the leaves of emmer wheat.
Experimental scheme included 16 experimental variants: 1 – without application of preparations and pre-sowing treatment of seeds (control); 2, 3, 4 – Prima Forte 195, applied to vegetative plants at the rates 0.5, 0.6 and 0.7 L ha^-1; 5 – Wuxal BIO Vita at the rate of 1.0 L ha^-1, applied to vegetative plants; 6, 7, 8 – Prima Forte 195 at the rates of 0.5, 0.6 and 0.7 L ha^-1 in tank mixtures with Wuxal BIO Vita at the rate of 1.0 L ha^-1, sprayed on vegetative plants; 9 – pre-sowing treatment of seeds with Wuxal BIO Vita at the rate of 1.0 L t^-1 (background); 10, 11, 12 – Prima forte 195, applied to vegetative plants at the rates of 0.5, 0.6 and 0.7 L ha^-1 at the background of pre-sowing treatment of seeds with Wuxal BIO Vita at the rate of 1.0 L t^-1; 13 – Wuxal BIO Vita at the rate of 1.0 L ha^-1 (applied to vegetative plants, treated before sowing with Wuxal BIO Vita at the rate of 1.0 L t^-1); 14, 15, 16 – Prima Forte 195 at the rates of 0.5, 0.6 and 0.7 L ha^-1 respectively, in tank mixture with Wuxal BІО Vita at the rate of 1.0 L ha^-1 – spraying of plants and pre-sowing treatment of seeds with Wuxal BІО Vita 1.0 L t^-1.
It has been found that under the application of Prima Forte 195 the redox state in the leaves of emmer wheat increased considerably in the direction of increasing the content of MDA. It has also been proved that herbicide Prima Forte 195 and its mixtures with plant growth regulator (PGR) Wuxal BIO Vita caused the changes in the activity of enzyme glutathione-S-transferase, which slightly increased in the initial period in the variants of integrated application of herbicide and plant growth regulator. However, later the GST activity in the variants of integrated application of herbicide and PGR decreased, which indicates stabilization and a positive influence of integrated application of preparations on the detoxification processes in the crops of emmer wheat.

Key words:

emmer wheat (Triticum dicoccum (Schrank) Schuebl.), glutathione-S-transferase, herbicide, MDA content, oxidative stress, plant growth regulator

1517-1526 S. Vasiljeva, G. Smirnova, N. Basova and D. Babarykin
Cadmium-induced oxidative damage and protective action of fractioned red beet (Beta vulgaris) root juice in chickens
Abstract |

Full text PDF (584 KB)

Cadmium-induced oxidative damage and protective action of fractioned red beet (Beta vulgaris) root juice in chickens

S. Vasiljeva¹*, G. Smirnova¹², N. Basova¹ and D. Babarykin²

¹University of Latvia, Institute of Biology, 3 Miera Str., LV-2169 Salaspils, Latvia
²Institute of Innovative Biomedical Technology Ltd, 2 Inchukalna Str., LV-1014 Riga, Latvia
*Correspondence: svetlana.vasiljeva@lu.lv

Abstract:

Cadmium (Cd) is one of the most dangerous environmental bioaccumulative pollutants that affects many organs in humans and animals. Present investigation was conducted to evaluate the protective effect of fractioned red beetroot juice on Cd-induced oxidative stress in chickens. The named red beetroot juice fraction (BJF) was received by juice ultrafiltration. Per oral administration of BJF for 10 days followed by dietary Cd exposure (50 mg kg^-1 of diet) was evaluated in the in vivo experiments in chickens. The prominent increase of Cd concentration in blood plasma, liver and kidney provoked the rise of oxidative processes activity in organs. BJF treatment attenuated the Cd-induced oxidative stress. The changes of oxidative stress markers – the reduction of hepatic and kidney malondialdehyde amount, the increase of glutathionperoxidase level in liver and blood catalase activity indicated the possible antioxidative influence of BJF. Chickens exposed to Cd showed no evidence of clinical toxicity, but exhibited some features of adverse action of this heavy metal. The increase of uric acid concentration in blood serum is associated with protein catabolic processes intensified by Cd affect. Suppressive effect of Cd on the immune response in chickens manifested in alteration of cell and humoral immunity parameters. The data of the most investigated oxidative stress markers, biochemical and immunological indices in Cd-exposed chickens were almost back to the values, when received BJF per os during 10 days. Administration of fractioned red beetroot juice to Cd-treated chickens prevented the oxidative impact of this heavy metal and provided immunomodulating effect.

Key words:

antioxidative effect, cadmium, chickens, oxidative stress, red beetroot juice