Does the level of resistance to Acanthoscelides obtectus of bean genotypes (Phaseolus spp.) change according to the seed production environment?
¹National Institute of Forestry, Agriculture and Livestock Research, Bean Genetics and Breeding Group, Av. Hidalgo No 1213, MX31500 Cuauhtémoc, México
²Autonomous University of Chihuahua, Agrotechnological Sciences Faculty, V. Carranza y Escorza s/n, MX31000 Chihuahua, México
³Biological Mission of Galicia, Maize Genetics and Breeding Group, Department of Plant Production, Carballeira 8, ES36143 Pontevedra, Spain
⁴National Institute of Forestry, Agriculture and Livestock Research, Agrometeorology and Modeling Group, Zacatecas-Fresnillo road Km. 24.5, MX98500 Calera de Victor Rosales, México
⁵Postgraduate College, CONAHCyT Postgraduate Program in Botany, Mexico-Texcoco road, km 36.5, MX56264 Montecillo, Mexico
*Correspondence: jimenez.cruz@inifap.gob.mx; cruz2477@yahoo.com.mx
Abstract:
Bean weevil (Acanthoscelides obtectus) cause considerable losses in warehouses in dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L). Phaseolus acutifolius varieties could be used for genetic studies and genetic improvement of common beans. Tepary bean varieties resistance was studied produced with irrigation and under drought conditions to A. obtectus. Previously, we studied A. obtectus colony from Spain with some of these bean varieties. In the present research, we studied a different A. obtectus colony from México. The varieties T-amarillo, PS-AZH-15 and T-cafe beans showed a lower ovopositation. T-amarillo, T-negro and T-cafe increased the duration of the insect biological cycle. In the varieties T-cafe, T-negro and T-amarillo increased larvae mortality before burrowing the seed in percent and reduced the number of first generation adults. Little grain weight loss is caused by small number of emerged adults, in the varieties T-amarillo, PS-AZH-15, T-cafe and T-negro. According with adult’s number of first generation and grain weight loss in percent T-amarillo showed resistance and tolerance to A. obtectus infestation and it could be used as source of resistance for P. vulgaris breeding. No significant differences were found according to the seed production environment for any traits studied except for initial seed weight. Resistant varieties maintain their lethality regardless of the seed production environment. Probably A. obtectus is genetically different according to the area and is adapted to the varieties produced in each country or region.
Key words:
bean bruchid, common bean, insect resistance, P. acutifolius