Tag Archives: physical properties

xxx Xh. Ramadani, A. Kryeziu, M. Kamberi and M. Zogaj
Influence of altitude and lactation period on composition and physical properties of milk in crossbred Sharri sheep
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Influence of altitude and lactation period on composition and physical properties of milk in crossbred Sharri sheep

Xh. Ramadani¹, A. Kryeziu²*, M. Kamberi² and M. Zogaj³

¹University of Prishtina ‘Hasan Prishtina’, Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary, Department of Food Technology with Biotechnology, Street Lidhja e Pejës 34, XK10000 Prishtinë, Kosovo
²University of Prishtina ‘Hasan Prishtina’, Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary, Department of Biotechnology in Animal Science, Street Lidhja e Pejës 34, XK10000 Prishtinë, Kosovo
³University of Prishtina ‘Hasan Prishtina’, Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary, Department of Plant Production, Street Lidhja e Pejës 34, XK10000 Prishtinë, Kosovo
*Correspondence: alltane.kryeziu@uni-pr.edu

Abstract:

The aim of this study was to compare the changes in chemical composition and physical properties of raw milk from crossbred ‘Sharri’ sheep as a function of altitude (1,200 m – variant A and 1,600 m – variant B) and lactation period. Milk composition (total solids – TS, milk fat–MF, solids non-fat-SNF, protein – P, lactose – L, ash, freezing point – FP, titratable acidity – TA, active acidity – AA, and density – D) were analysed once per month during the period of June, July, August, and September of 2021. Sheep milk at 1,600 m altitude showed significantly higher values (P < 0.05) for all analysed parameters and lower values for FP compared to milk from 1,200 m altitude, except SNF, FP and AA, which were not statistically significant. The analysed milk during the four months of lactation period has significantly increased (P < 0.05) in TS (from 15.65 to 25.46%); MF (6.49 to 10.80%); SNF (9.16 to 14.66%); P (4.46 to 6.94%); L (3.96 to 6.52%); ash (0.74 to 1.20%); TA (9.90 to 14.53 °SH); whereas changes in FP value (-0.611 to -0.709 °C), AA (6.68 to 6.76) and D (1.035 to 1.053 g cm-3), have been statistically non-significant. The interactions between altitude*lactation period on milk composition (TS, MF, SNF, P, L, ash) of crossbred ‘Sharri’ sheep and physical properties (FP, TA, AA and D) were nonsignificant.

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1383-1387 D. Herak, C. Mizera, P. Hrabe and A. Kabutey
3D image analysis of the shapes and dimensions of several tropical fruits
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3D image analysis of the shapes and dimensions of several tropical fruits

D. Herak¹*, C. Mizera¹, P. Hrabe² and A. Kabutey¹

¹Czech University of Life Science Prague, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kamycka 129, CZ16521 Prague, Czech Republic
²Czech University of Life Science Prague, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kamycka 129, CZ16521 Prague, Czech Republic
*Correspondence: herak@tf.czu.cz

Abstract:

Three dimension virtual models of Avocado (Persea americana), Salak (Salacca zalacca), Dragon fruit (Hylocereus undatus), Mango (Mangifera indica), Coconut (Cocos nucifera) using 3D scanner Intel RealSense were determined. Calculated models based on arithmetic and geometric diameter were also determined. From statistically analysis implies that virtual models on significance level 0.05 are significantly different with calculated values based on arithmetic or geometric diameter.

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1548-1561 I. Černá, J. Pecen, T. Ivanova and Z. Piksa
The dependence of the durability of digestate briquettes and sorption properties on represented particle sizes
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The dependence of the durability of digestate briquettes and sorption properties on represented particle sizes

I. Černá, J. Pecen, T. Ivanova* and Z. Piksa

Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences, Department of Sustainable Technologies, Kamýcká 129, CZ 16521 Prague 6, Czech Republic
*Correspondence: ivanova@ftz.czu.cz

Abstract:

Digestate, a product of the anaerobic digestion process, is traditionally used as liquid fertiliser. Besides agriculture use, it became possible to dry its separated solid part and compress it into briquette or pellet form. In the context of the characterisation of briquettes, the description here largely covers the mechanical properties of texture components and the distribution of particles within the briquette space. In order to define these properties and understand the relations between the mechanical part and any influencing factors, researchers started to identify the relationship between particles size distribution in briquettes and sorption properties and therefore mechanical properties. The objective of the present research was to compare size distribution in particles in different digestate samples and to study the connection to water sorption by briquettes and the durability of briquettes that have been made from two kinds of digestate material. For a comparison, two types of digestate were used, for which particles were split into a few size files according to the sieve size. By using digital image analysis, the dimensions of particles were specified and compared with values that were measured by means of a calliper. Sorption properties were defined through experimentation: exposing briquettes to a water source with water adsorption being determined via moisture content. Other mechanical properties were represented by toughness and the rate of abrasion. As result, digestate is an appropriate sorption matter which can multiply its initial mass by a factor of five if the water supply is sufficient. In the case of a dimension measurement of particles, digestate texture is represented by particles with one prevalent dimension, in most cases this being length. The length of particles was between approximately 1mm to 9mm. The digestate has been proven to be a good water sorbent material and can be applied in various sectors of agriculture.

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211–218 A. Velykis and A. Satkus
Soil protection value of winter crops and reduced tillage on clay loams
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Soil protection value of winter crops and reduced tillage on clay loams

A. Velykis and A. Satkus

Joniskelis Research Station of the Lithuanian Institute of Agriculture, Joniskelis, LT-5240 Pasvalys District, Lithuania;
Tel/fax: 370-71-38224; e-mail: joniskelio_lzi@post.omnitel.net

Abstract:

Experiments to reduce soil physical degradation were carried out at Joniskelis Research Station of the Lithuanian Institute of Agriculture over the period 1998–2002. The soil of the experimental site is characterised as glacial lacustrine clay loam on silty clay (Gleyic Cambisol). The following was investigated: Factor A. Crop rotations with different proportions of winter and spring crops (1. Without winter crops; 2. Winter crops 25%; 3. Winter crops 50%; 4. Winter crops 75%; 5. Winter crops 100%), growing annual and perennial grasses, spring and winter wheat, triticale, and barley. Factor B. Soil tillage systems: 1. Conventional (primary soil tillage was performed by ploughing); 2. Sustainable (after grasses the soil was ploughed, after other preceding crops the soil was loosened without inverting the topsoil). Our experimental evidence suggests that increasing winter crops in the crop rotation reduced compaction of the topsoil from high to moderate, maintained up to 37.3% of higher productive moisture reserves, improved water to air ratio, and increased the crop rotation productivity up to 44.7%. The application of reduced primary tillage in a sustainable system had persistence of high soil compaction and 8.0% lower air-filled porosity at the bottom of the topsoil, but the whole topsoil reached physical maturity more evenly in the spring. The grain yield of cereals was 6.4% lower compared with the yield after conventional soil tillage. On these clay loam soils, spring cereals were more sensitive (poorer performance) to reduced soil tillage compared with winter cereals.

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