Impact of the quality of work of fertiliser spreader on nitrous oxide emissions released from soil to the atmosphere
¹Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Machines and Production Systems, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovak Republic; *Correspondence: tomasko.sima@gmail.com 2Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Production Engineering, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovak Republic 3Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Agricultural Machines, Kamýcká 129, 16521 Prague, Czech Republic
Abstract:
Quality of work of fertiliser spreader is one of the most important factors that affect the nitrous oxide (N2O) flux from soil to the atmosphere. Calk ammonium nitrate (CAN) with 27% nitrogen content was spread by a fertiliser spreader VICON RS-L connected with a tractor ZETOR 16145 and incorporated into the soil by a power harrow PÖTTINGER LION 301 six hours after its spreading. Application rate of fertiliser was set for 200 kg ha-1. There were selected five monitoring points based on the deviations of application rate for values 172.14, 188.01, 200.68, 213.08 and 227.34 kg ha-1, which means 46.48, 50.76, 54.18, 57.53 and 61.38 kg N ha-1, respectively. Nitrous oxide emissions were measured 7, 14, 21 and 28 days after fertiliser application and incorporation into the soil by a photoacoustic field gas monitor INNOVA 1412 with a multipoint sampler INNOVA 1309. Concentration of N2O ranged from 0.4264 ppm to 1.2970 ppm. Maximum values were measured 21 days after fertilisation for each variant of the experiment. Based on the data obtained, there were found statistically significant differences among time intervals and among the size of deviations of the application rate at a 95.0% confidence level. Results have shown an impact of the 6% deviation (21 days after fertilisation) and 13.7% deviation (14 and 28 days after fertilisation) from the size of fertiliser application rate on nitrous oxide flux from soil to the atmosphere. There were also found the effects of time interval on nitrous oxide flux from soil to the atmosphere for each of the time intervals 7, 14, 21 and 28 days after fertilisation.
Key words:
fertiliser, fertiliser spreader, nitrous oxide, quality of work., soil emissions