Tag Archives: rural constructions

1387-1395 A.R.G. de Azevedo, H.A. Rocha, M.T. Marvila, D. Cecchin, G.C. Xavier, R.C. da Silva, P.F.P. Ferraz, L. Conti and G. Rossi
Application of pineapple fiber in the development of sustainable mortars
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Application of pineapple fiber in the development of sustainable mortars

A.R.G. de Azevedo¹, H.A. Rocha¹, M.T. Marvila¹, D. Cecchin²*, G.C. Xavier³, R.C. da Silva², P.F.P. Ferraz⁴, L. Conti⁵ and G. Rossi⁵

¹UENF - State University of the Northern Rio de Janeiro, LAMAV - Advanced Materials Laboratory, Av. Alberto Lamego, 2000, PO Box 28013-602, Campos dos Goytacazes, Brazil
²UFF - Federal Fluminense University, TER - Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering; Rua Passo da Pátria, 156, PO Box 21065-230, Niterói, Brazil
³UENF - State University of the Northern Rio de Janeiro, LECIV - Civil Engineering Laboratory, Av. Alberto Lamego, 2000, PO Box 28013-602, Campos dos Goytacazes, Brazil
⁴UFLA - Federal University of Lavras, Department of Agricultural Engineering, Campus Universitário, PO Box 3037, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil
⁵University of Firenze, Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry (DAGRI), Via San Bonaventura 13, PO Box 50145 Firenze, Italy
*Correspondence: daianececchin@id.uff.br

Abstract:

Due to the great worldwide increase in pineapple production, countries like Brazil and India have problems regarding the correct disposal of residues from the production of this fruit. One of the possibilities is the reuse of these residues in the form of fibers in cementitious materials, as is the case with mortars. As a result, the objective of this work is to evaluate the application of pineapple fibers in mortars in the proportion of 1: 4 (cement: sand) with addition of fiber treated in NaOH in the proportion of 3 and 6%. The properties of mechanical resistance, water absorption, mass density and adhesion were evaluated, aiming to apply the mortar in coatings of rural environments. The results indicate that the fibers reduced the mortar density and increased the mechanical strength. However, there was a reduction in adherence, especially with the use of 6% fiber, in addition to an increase in water absorption. Based on the results, it is concluded that it is feasible to use 3% of pineapple fiber for the production of coating mortars in rural environments because the results obtained in the investigation are compatible with this application and with the established normative limits.

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910–921 D.L. Rocha, A.R.G. Azevedo, M.T. Marvila, D. Cecchin, J. Alexandre, D.F. Carmo, Ferraz, P.F.P., Conti, L. and Rossi, G.
Influence of different methods of treating natural açai fibre for mortar in rural construction
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Influence of different methods of treating natural açai fibre for mortar in rural construction

D.L. Rocha¹, A.R.G. Azevedo², M.T. Marvila², D. Cecchin³*, J. Alexandre², D.F. Carmo³, Ferraz, P.F.P.⁴, Conti, L.⁵ and Rossi, G.⁵

¹UENF - State University of the Northern Rio de Janeiro, LAMAV - Advanced Materials Laboratory; Av. Alberto Lamego, 2000, PO Box 28013-602, Campos dos Goytacazes, Brazil
²UENF - State University of the Northern Rio de Janeiro, LECIV - Civil Engineering Laboratory; Av. Alberto Lamego, 2000, PO Box 28013-602, Campos dos Goytacazes, Brazil
³UFF - Federal Fluminense University, TER - Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering; Rua Passo da Pátria, 156, PO Box 21065-230, Niterói, Brazil
⁴UFLA - Federal University of Lavras, Department of Agricultural Engineering, Campus Universitário, PO Box 3037, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil
⁵University of Firenze, Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry (DAGRI), Via San Bonaventura 13, IT50145 Firenze, Italy
*Correspondence: daianececchin@yahoo.com.br

Abstract:

Açai is a typical Amazonian fruit that has enormous potential for use in medicines and foods, whose consumption has been growing year after year. One of the major environmental impacts related to Açai is the generation of agro-industrial wastes, which are disposed of in landfills. One of the major problems related to the reuse of natural fibres in cementitious materials is related to their durability due to the alkalinity of the matrix. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate three different methodologies for surface treatment of Açai fibre, by immersion in NaOH, KOH and Ca(OH)2 solution to mortar application in rural construction. After the treatments, the fibres were added in a proportion of 2.5 and 5.0% in relation to the cement mass, in addition to the reference mortar (without fibre) in the making of the prismatic specimens (40×40×160 mm) and cured for 28 days in room temperature. Right after the curing period, the specimens were evaluated according to the mechanical strength of flexion and compression, workability, water absorption by capillarity and mass density in the hardened state of each methodology. The results showed that the best treatment methodology is with NaOH solution, with the addition of 5% Açai fibre in relation to the cement mass, producing a suitable mortar for use in rural buildings.

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904–914 N.F. Luiz, D. Cecchin, A.R.G. Azevedo, J. Alexandre, M.T. Marvila, F.C. Da Silva, A.L.C. Paes, V.D. Pinheiro, D.F. Do Carmo, P.F.P Ferraz, C.M. Hüther, V.M.F. Da Cruz and M. Barbari
Characterization of materials used in the manufacture of ceramic tile with incorporation of ornamental rock waste
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Characterization of materials used in the manufacture of ceramic tile with incorporation of ornamental rock waste

N.F. Luiz¹, D. Cecchin¹*, A.R.G. Azevedo¹, J. Alexandre², M.T. Marvila², F.C. Da Silva¹, A.L.C. Paes², V.D. Pinheiro², D.F. Do Carmo¹, P.F.P Ferraz³, C.M. Hüther¹, V.M.F. Da Cruz⁴ and M. Barbari⁵

¹Federal Fluminense University (UFF), Engineering school, Department of Agricultural Engineering and Environment, Street Passo da Pátria, n.156, postal code: BR24210-240, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
²North Fluminense State University (UENF), Civil Engineering Department, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
³Federal University of Lavras (UFLA), Department of Agricultural Engineering, Campus Universitário, PO Box 3037, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil
⁴University of Évora, Polo da Mitra - Department of Rural Engineering - Évora/Portugal
⁵University of Firenze, Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry (DAGRI), Via San Bonaventura 13, IT50145 Firenze, Italy
*Correspondence: daianececchin@yahoo.com.br

Abstract:

The production of ceramic tiles, such as tiles, has a great environmental impact, either in the extraction of natural raw materials or gas emissions in the burning stages. The use of industrial solid waste in ceramic materials can contribute to the reduction of these impacts, according to the characteristics of solid waste and its interaction with ceramic materials in the processing steps. Thus, this study aimed to characterize the materials needed to make a ceramic tile with incorporation of ornamental rock waste (ORW), thus evaluating its main characteristics regarding the feasibility of this incorporation. The physical characterization of the clays used in the production of ceramic artifacts was performed, and for the waste the mineralogical analyzes were performed, through x-ray diffraction (XRD), microstructure analysis from confocal optical microscopy, after sintering the prototypes and chemical analysis by X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). Soon after the raw materials went through the step of conformation and preparation of the prismatic specimens by the process of extrusion of the ceramic mass, with an incorporation of the ORW in 0% and 15% of the ceramic mass, for its subsequent The prototypes were sintered at three different temperatures (850 °C, 950 °C and 1,050 °C). The specimens were submitted to technological tests of mechanical resistance, water absorption, firing shrinkage and porosity to evaluate the incorporation viability. The results indicated the presence of quartz particles in all raw materials, and also that the clays of the study region are predominantly kaolinitic. The presence of these materials in the ceramic masses directly influences the micrographs, because they result in the formation of liquid phase, inert particles that can turn the site into a stress concentration point and when incorporated in the ORW the specimens met the technical specifications of the Brazilian standard for application on ceramic tiles. The results found in the technological tests carried out, that the incorporation of 15% of ornamental rock waste in both clays did not affect the tile properties, indicating the feasibility of incorporating this waste in civil construction, minimizing the impacts generated.

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