Tag Archives: Solanum lycopersicum

85-95 E.D. Conte, D. Fiorini, N.M.B. Vargas, L.F.B. Bertoni, L.N.T. Santos, T.D. Magro2, W.P. Silvestre, C. Cocco and J. Schwambach
Tomato nutrition with the application of Trichoderma spp. on different soils
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Tomato nutrition with the application of Trichoderma spp. on different soils

E.D. Conte¹, D. Fiorini¹², N.M.B. Vargas³, L.F.B. Bertoni², L.N.T. Santos², T.D. Magro²2, W.P. Silvestre³*, C. Cocco⁴ and J. Schwambach¹⁴⁵

¹University of Caxias do Sul, Institute of Biotechnology, Laboratory of Biological Control of Plant Disease and Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, Street Francisco Getúlio Vargas, 1130, Petrópolis, ZIP Code 95070-560, Caxias do Sul, Brazil
²University of Caxias do Sul, Vacaria Campus, Course of Agronomy, Street Dom Frei Cândido Maria Bampi, 2800, Barcellos, ZIP Code 95206-364, Vacaria, Brazil
³University of Caxias do Sul, Postgraduate Program in Process Engineering and Technologies and Course of Agronomy, Street Francisco Getúlio Vargas, 1130, Petrópolis, ZIP Code 95070-560, Caxias do Sul, Brazil
⁴University of Caxias do Sul, Course of Agronomy, Street Francisco Getúlio Vargas, 1130, Petrópolis, ZIP Code 95070-560, Caxias do Sul, Brazil
⁵University of Caxias do Sul, Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, Street Francisco Getúlio Vargas, 1130, Petrópolis, ZIP Code 95070-560, Caxias do Sul, Brazil
*Correspondence: wpsilvestre@ucs.br

Abstract:

The present work aimed to evaluate the effect of Trichoderma spp. on the nutrition and development of tomato plants in three soil types under protected environments. One experiment was conducted with ferralsol and acrisol soil (conducted in pots in a greenhouse), and another used cambisol soil (conducted in beds in a commercial greenhouse). The experiments were carried out in a randomized block design with twelve replications. The treatments consisted of a control (no application of Trichoderma spp.), an application of Trichoderma spp. before seedling transplantation, and monthly Trichoderma spp. applications in tomato plants cv. Itaipava®. The evaluations included plant nutrition at full flowering, development (height and fresh and dry mass of shoots), crop yield components of number, weight, and diameter of fruits, and average yield per plant. A second nutritional evaluation was repeated in the cambisol. The application of Trichoderma spp. in the soil did not modify the nutrition parameters of plants until flowering. However, at the end of the cycle in cambisol, the treatment increased the available contents of N, P, Cu, and Mn. The application of Trichoderma spp. did not affect the development and yield of tomato plants in the conditions tested.

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1850-1862 A. Osvalde, A. Karlsons and G. Cekstere
Leaf nutrient status of tomatoes in coconut coir medium – differences in cultivars, impact on yield and quality
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Leaf nutrient status of tomatoes in coconut coir medium – differences in cultivars, impact on yield and quality

A. Osvalde*, A. Karlsons and G. Cekstere

University of Latvia, Institute of Biology, Laboratory of Plant Mineral Nutrition, O. Vaciesa street 4, LV-1004 Riga, Latvia

Abstract:

Coconut coir as an alternative to rockwool is increasingly used as a substrate for soilless hydroponic greenhouse production of tomatoes. However, little is known about the nutrient status of tomatoes in coconut coir, especially under intensive production conditions. The aim of this study was to investigate the nutrient status of different tomato cultivars (orange plum ‘Organza F1’, red cherry ‘Daltary RZ F1’, red large fruit-sized ‘Securitas RZ F1’ and pink large fruit-sized ‘Fujimaru F1’) under industrial greenhouse production, using coconut coir as a substrate to reveal nutrient imbalances, their impact on tomato yield and quality, and cultivar differences. Essential nutrient and leaf SPAD value was detected for the youngest fully developed leaves and the old still vital leaves twice per month from April to August 2020. The total yield, marketable and non-marketable yield was regularly determined. During the crop cycle, the content of most of the nutrients in tomato leaves corresponded to the standard range reported for tomatoes. Only some imbalances were found: all cultivars were characterized by low Zn and high S levels in both young and old leaves. The obtained results identified several differences between the cultivars: cherry tomatoes ‘Daltary’ had significantly higher N, K, Fe and Zn in leaves compared to other cultivars. The lowest N, Fe and Cu were determined for large fruit-sized ‘Securitas’. Regardless of the nutrient status and microclimate conditions, the marketable yield of ‘Daltary’, ‘Organza’ and ‘Securitas’ was almost 100%, indicating on high suitability of these cultivars for hydroponic cultivation in coconut coir.

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2535-2549 G. Palumbo, S. Carfagna, V. Stoleru, V. Torino, P.M. Romano, F. Letizia and C. Di Martino
Environmental sustainability fruit quality and production in mycorrhizal tomato plants without P fertilizing
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Environmental sustainability fruit quality and production in mycorrhizal tomato plants without P fertilizing

G. Palumbo¹, S. Carfagna², V. Stoleru³, V. Torino¹, P.M. Romano³, F. Letizia¹ and C. Di Martino¹*

¹University of Molise, Department of Agriculture, Environmental and Food, Via F. De Sanctis 1, IT86100 Campobasso, Italy
²University of Napoli, Department of Biology, Via Foria 223, IT80137 Napoli, Italy
³Ion Ionescu de la Brad, University of Agricultural, UASMV, Iasi, M. Sadoveanu 3, RO700490, Romania
³Institute of Agricultural Technical Higher Education ‘S. Pardo’, IT86035 Larino, CB, Italy
*Correspondence: lello.dimartino@unimol.it

Abstract:

The influence of root colonization by arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungus Funelliformis mosseae, on fruit quality, production and environmental sustainability were evaluated in field-tomato plants grown exposed to P-limited soil 5 μg g-1 soil (basal-soil) with nitrate fertilization (50 μg g-1 soil), after greenhouse germination and fungus colonization. After 60 days sowing (DAS), when the percentage of mycorrhizal root length (% RLC) raised at about 50%, the plants were transplanted in open field.
During the experiment, the mycorrhization has affected a lot of physiological aspects like vegetative and reproductive growth, improving them and ended the fruiting with a major fruit production that was 50% higher than not mycorrhizal (NM) plants. The ripening process of the fruits was also followed by testing sugars content and ß-Amylase activity in fruits of NM and mycorrhizal (M) plants fruits. At 140 DAS, in the harvesting fruits stage, fruits of M plants showed significantly higher mineral nutrient sugars and organic nitrogen compounds as amino acids and protein, compared to fruits from NM plants. In particular, GLU-GLN-ASP and ASN raised about 35% more than fruits from NM plants, improving nutritional aspect and flavor of the product. THR-ILEU-LEU-VAL and LYS, essential amino acids in man nutrition, increased around 25% more than fruits from NM plants, too. In this contest, lycopene, total carotenoids, ascorbic acid and glutathione (GS) and reduced form (GSH) were also tested in ripe fruits. The overall results suggest that tomato roots colonization by mycorrhizal fungus Funelliformis mosseae affects host plant nutritional status, modifying reproductive behavior, fruits production and nutritional quality.

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281–294 O.A. Vysokova, T.A. Kalinina, T.V. Glukhareva, A.A. Kochubei and O.A. Cherepanova
The effect of the 1,2,3-triazolo[5,1-b][1,3,4]thiadiazines on Solanum lycopersicum L. seed germination
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The effect of the 1,2,3-triazolo[5,1-b][1,3,4]thiadiazines on Solanum lycopersicum L. seed germination

O.A. Vysokova¹, T.A. Kalinina¹, T.V. Glukhareva¹²*, A.A. Kochubei³ and O.A. Cherepanova³

¹Ural Federal University, Mira street 19, RU620002 Ekaterinburg, Russia
²Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Sofia Kovalevskaya street 22, RU 620990, Ekaterinburg, Russia
³Botanical Garden UB RAS, 8 Marta street 202a, RU620144 Ekaterinburg, Russia
*Correspondence: taniagluhareva@yandex.ru

Abstract:

In recent years chemical pesticides are being replaced by environmentally friendly and universal means of plant protection that are able to exert a complex effect on the plant (stimulate growth and development, improve metabolic processes, develop resistance to pathogens, etc.). The effect of new synthetic growth regulators of the 1,2,3-triazolo[5,1-b][1,3,4]thiadiazine class and trade phytohormones (6-BAP, GA and TDZ) on the growth processes, growth energy and vitality of tomato seeds, as well as morphological parameters of seedlings was researched in this article. It was revealed that the effect of synthesized compounds on seed vigor and viability of seedlings are superior to commercial phytohormones. In the early stages of germination the seed vigor of tomato seeds treated with the compounds TT1-TT5 were superior to one in treatments with phytohormones and in control experiment. As a result of the experiment, the most viable seedlings were formed into the treatments TT1, TT2 and TT3 (in all studied concentrations). Tomato seedlings treated with 6-BAP and GA at a concentration of 5 mg L-1 produced the worst results.

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