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315-322 J. Čedík, M. Pexa, M. Kotek and J. Hromádko
Effect of E85 Fuel on Harmful Emissions – Škoda Fabia 1.2 HTP
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Effect of E85 Fuel on Harmful Emissions – Škoda Fabia 1.2 HTP

J. Čedík, M. Pexa, M. Kotek and J. Hromádko

Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Faculty of Engineering, Kamycka 129, 16521 Prague 6, Suchdol, Czech Republic; e-mail: cedikj@tf.czu.cz, pexa@tf.czu.cz, kotekm@oikt.czu.cz, janhromadko@tf.czu.cz Abstract: This article deals with harmful emissions production by a spark ignition engine Škoda Fabia 1.2 HTP operating on E85 fuel. The measurement was performed on a test bench using a test cycle that simulates real traffic conditions. Three variants were chosen for burning E85 fuel and the first one was the usage of the E85 fuel without modifications of the engine control unit (variant 1 – E85), the second one was the usage of the E85 fuel with prolonged time of the injection by 28% (variant 2 – E85+) and the last third variant was reference fuel petrol Natural BA95 (variant 3 – N95) for comparison. The results of the measurement have shown that for the variant 1 – E85 there was a significant decrease in the emissions of CO and HC while increasing emissions of NOX especially at high load. For the variant 2 – E85+ there was a significant increase of the emissions of CO and HC, again especially at high load. Emissions of NOX have shown a decrease for this variant. CO2 emissions were approximately on the same level for both variants (E85, E85+) in comparison with the variant 3 – N95. Keywords: ethanol, E85 fuel, emissions production.INTRODUCTION

Abstract:

The increase in the usage of bioethanol as a fuel in Europe is significant (up to15% annually) (Beran, 2011). The reason could be the European Parliament and the European Council, which adopted the so called action plan concerning with the issue of biofuels in transport. In the action plan the strategy for achieving the planed 20% substitution of conventional liquid motor fuels with alternative fuels by 2020 is defined (Šebor et al., 2006). Furthermore, according to the European Directive 2009/28/EC on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources and amending and subsequently repealing directives 2001/77/EC and 2003/30/EC the target is a 20% share of energy from renewable sources and a 10% share of energy from renewable sources in transport (EU Directive 2009/28/EC; Beran, 2011;). The second reason could be the dependence of Europe on the imported crude oil products. European OECD countries were dependant on the imported crude oil in the year 2007 from about 65% and by 2030 the dependence could increase up to 83%. The transport in Europe is dependant on the crude oil products from about 98% (Šebor et al., 2006; IEA, 2009; Gnansounou, 2010). France is the major consumer of bioethanol in Europe with a 5.41% share of bioethanol on the market (in Sweden it is 5.14%) (Gnansounou, 2010).The most used fuel with higher share of bioethanol is the E85 fuel, which is madefrom 85% bioethanol and from 15% petrol. In comparison with the petrol the E85 fuel315

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