Tag Archives: disease

492-497 R. Skuodienė and R. Nekrošienė
Effect of perennial grasses ploughed in as green manure on the occurence of net blotch in spring barley
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Effect of perennial grasses ploughed in as green manure on the occurence of net blotch in spring barley

R. Skuodienė¹ and R. Nekrošienė²

¹Lithuanian Institute of Agriculture, Vėžaičiai Branch, Gargždų 29, LT–96216 Klaipėda distr.,Lithuania; tel: + 370 46 458233; e-mail: rskuod@vezaiciai.lzi.lt
²Botanical Garden of Klaipėda University, Kretingos 92, LT–92327 Klaipėda, Lithuania;e-mail: rita_nekrosiene@mail.ru

Abstract:

Experiments were carried out in the Vėžaičiai Branch of the Lithuanian Institute of Agriculture (West Lithuania) in 2005–2007. The aim of this research was to assess the impact of using perennial legumes (red and white clover, lucerne) and timothy as green manure in crop rotation on the occurence of net blotch disease (causal agent Drechslera teres (Sacc.) Shoem.) in spring barley. Preceding crops of spring barley were winter triticale and winter rye (perennial grasses were preceding crops of these winter cereals). The yearly occurence of net blotch disease was high: incidence was about 70.00–100.00% severity; at the spring barley booting stage (BBCH 37-39) – from 4.45 to 12.25%, at milk maturity stage (BBCH 73-75) – 43.75–70.95%. The variously-managed perennial grasses in the crop rotation had a significant effect on the occurence of net blotch: the spring barley grown after timothy was 1.1–1.5 times less affected in 2005 and 2007, compared to the spring barley grown after red and white clovers, and about 1.2 times less affected grown after lucerne, compared with spring barley grown after other grasses in 2006.

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327-330 R. Repšienė and R. Nekrošiene
Resistance of red clover to diseases and pests under different growing conditions
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Resistance of red clover to diseases and pests under different growing conditions

R. Repšienė¹ and R. Nekrošiene²

¹Vezaiciai Branch, Lithuanian Institute of Agriculture, Gargzdu 29, VezaiciaiLT-96216 Klaipeda distict, Lithuania; e-mail: regina@vezaiciai.lzi.lt
²Botanical Garden of Klaipeda University, Kretingos 92, LT-92327 Klaipeda, Lithuania;e-mail: bot.sodas@one.lt

Abstract:

Experiments were carried out in the Vėžaičiai Branch of the Lithuanian Institute of Agriculture (West Lithuania region) in 1998−1999 and 2005. The aim of this research was to estimate the incidence of diseases and pests of red clover in soils with different agrochemical characteristics. The soil acidity varied from 3.9-6.7, available P2O5 from 47–317, available K2Ofrom 100–360 mg kg-1, amount of humus from 1.71–2.36%. Ecological conditions of soils contained differing amounts of lime, mineral and organic fertilizers.Common leaf spot (agent Pseudopeziza trifolii (Biv.-Bern:Fr.) Fuskel) had a 1.3−1.7greater incidence on the red clover growing in the soil with pHKCl 3.9−4.9 in comparison withthose grown in the soil with pHKCl 5.7−6.7, and with intensively damaged red clover whichgrew in soils with fewer nutrients. Increasing the quantity of nutritious materials increased the incidence of powdery mildew (agent Erysiphe polygoni DC.) in 1999 and 2005 but reduced the incidence of clover seed weevil in soils with pHKCl 5.7−6.7 in those years.

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371-378 A. Sliesaravičius, J. Pekarskas, V. Rutkovienė and K. Baranauskis
Grain yield and disease resistance of winter cereal varieties and application of biological agent in organic agriculture
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Grain yield and disease resistance of winter cereal varieties and application of biological agent in organic agriculture

A. Sliesaravičius, J. Pekarskas, V. Rutkovienė and K. Baranauskis*

Lithuanian University of Agriculture, Studentų 11, Lt-53361, Akademija,Kaunas distr., Lithuania
*Lithuanian Institute of Horticulture, Babtai, LT-54333 Kaunas distr., Lithuania;e-mail: algis.Sliesaravicius@lzuu.lt

Abstract:

Field trials with different varieties of winter wheat, rye barley and triticale were carried out at the Agroecology Center of the Lithuanian University of Agriculture from 2003-2005. The biological agent biojodis was tested. The winter wheat varieties ‘Baltimor’ and ‘Residence’ were found to be the most resistant to Septoria tritici (leaf blotch. The biological agent biojodis increased wheat grain yield for separate varieties by 0.38 – 0.97 t ha-1. No significant differences in disease resistance were found among the triticale and rye varieties tested. Research on the biological agent biojodis revealed that this agent reduced the incidence of fungi in the grain of the winter wheat variety ‘Širvinta 1’, thus it could diminish the number of mycromicetes species and the fungal infection level.The grain untreated wtith biojodis was found to be infected with 4 fungi species(Aspergillus oryzae, Fusarium nivale, Fusarium poae, Mycelia sterilia), where the infection level reached 9.0×103 cfu (colony forming unit), whereas the grain treated with the agent at a rate of 2 l t-1 was found to be infected with 2 species of fungi (Fusarium poae, Fusarium sporotrichiodes) at 5.5×103 cfu (colony forming unit) infection level.

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