The biological basis for the use of protein growth stimulant made from cattle split for wheat foliar feeding and disease suppression
¹Saint-Petersburg State Agrarian University, Faculty of Agrotechnology, Soil science and Ecology, Department of Plant Protection and Quarantine, 2 Petersburg Shosse (highway), RU196601 St-Petersburg – Pushkin, Russia
²ITMO University, School of Biotechnology and Cryogenic Systems, Faculty of Food Biotechnologies and Engineering, 49 Kronverksky Pr., RU197101 St- Petersburg, Russia
³Federal Research Center N.I. Vavilov All Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR), Ministry of Science and higher education, Department of Plant Introduction, 42-44 Bolshaya Morskaya street, RU190000 St-Petersburg, Russia
*Correspondence: kleon9@yandex.ru
Abstract:
The new modern preparation – protein growth stimulant – was generated in accordance with technology of employees of Saint-Petersburg ITMO University and Saint-Petersburg State Agrarian University. Biological activity of the preparation was determined by measurements of 20 indicators of the wheat productivity. In addition, 16 indicators of different types of pathogenesis were determined. These can be formed at distribution of Helminthosporium root rot, wheat rust species, powdery mildew and wheat leaf blotch. The use of the protein growth stimulant promoted increase of potential yield in 80% of samples. In comparison with the control, 15 wheat varieties, treated with the preparation, showed an increase in the main productivity indicators: the length of the spike, the number of spikelets per spike, the weight of 1,000 grains, the productive tilling capacity and the general bushiness. The intensity of Helminthosporium root rot development decreased 11.9% (it was found in 53.3% of samples) and the wheat leaf blotch by 15.6% (in 66.7% of samples). The wheat brown rust development intensity decreased insignificantly (3.6% compared to the control). In the same time, values of the pathogen pustule area decreased at average by 79.8%. There was an increase in total nitrogen in wheat leaves at 92% of samples. As was revealed, the effectiveness of the protein growth stimulant largely depends on the wheat variety. To conclude, the prospect of using the new effective protein growth stimulant to increase productivity of wheat and protection from diseases was shown.
Key words:
diseases of wheat, growth stimulants, soft wheat, the elements of productivity