Tag Archives: fraction

1014–1023 M. Hromasová, P. Kic, M. Müller and M. Linda
Evaluation of quality and efficiency of ventilation equipment by scanning electron microscopy
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Evaluation of quality and efficiency of ventilation equipment by scanning electron microscopy

M. Hromasová¹*, P. Kic², M. Müller³ and M. Linda¹

¹Czech University of Life Sciences in Prague, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Kamýcká 129, CZ165 21 Prague, Czech Republic
²Czech University of Life Sciences in Prague, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Technological Equipment of Buildings, Kamýcká 129, CZ165 21 Prague, Czech Republic
³Czech University of Life Sciences in Prague, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Material Science and Manufacturing Technology, Kamýcká 129, CZ165 21 Prague, Czech Republic
*Correspondence: hromasova@tf.czu.cz

Abstract:

The aim of this research is an evaluation of the quality and function of ventilation equipment in basement rooms. There was analysed the function of ventilation system in relation to the quality of outdoor and indoor environment. The concentration of air dust was measured by exact instrument DustTRAK II Model 8530 aerosol monitor inside and outside the building. Using the special impactors the PM1, PM2.5, PM4, PM10 size fractions were also measured. Particles separated from the ventilation equipment were examined with SEM (scanning electron microscopy) using a microscope TESCAN MIRA 3 GMX. Obtained results of measurements were evaluated by statistical instruments and concentrations of different size of dust particles were analysed. The size of particles outlet the ventilation equipment was ca. of 55% lower than the size of the particles inlet the ventilation equipment. The difference in tested sizes of the dust particles in the ventilation equipment and outlet the ventilation equipment, i.e. in the place of cleaned air inlet into the basement room, was statistically proved. The diversity of impurities caught by the ventilation equipment and impurities moving in the air in the tested room is obvious from the results of SEM analysis.

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319-328 S. Kalinauskaitė,, A. Sakalauskas, E. Šarauskis, A. Jasinskasand M. Ahlhaus
Relation of energy content variations of straw to the fraction size, humidity, composition and environmental impact
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Relation of energy content variations of straw to the fraction size, humidity, composition and environmental impact

S. Kalinauskaitė¹,*, A. Sakalauskas¹, E. Šarauskis¹, A. Jasinskas¹and M. Ahlhaus²

¹Aleksandras Stulginskis University, Studentų g. 11, Akademija, Kauno r.LT-53361, Lithuania; *Correspondence: solveiga.kalinauskaite@gmail.com
²Fachhochschule Stralsund, Institut für Regenerative Energie Systeme (IRES),Zur Schwedenschanze 15, 18435 Stralsund, Germany

Abstract:

Biomass is the major source of renewable energy, the use of which is very importantin energy, environment and economical aspects. Biomass enables the replacement of fossilfuels, the importance of biomass usage is related to global warming questions. Biomassmoisture content is one of the main factors affecting straw preparation for the usage cost.In this research the main focus is on straw and different biomass composition and how itinfluences the solid biofuels preparation for usage, paying attention to straw fraction, humidity,composition and finally how it influences the energy and environmental aspects. Testedsamples consist of different composition- raw straw, 100% yellow straw pellets, 100% greystraw pellets, 98% straw pellets with 2% additives, 50% straw and 50% hay pellets, 49% strawand 49% hay pellets with 2% additives, 100% hay pellets, 98% hay pellets with 2% additivesand additionally two samples of straw briquettes with different chop size – (20 mm) and(30 mm and 10 mm). This research pays attention to the main material characteristics –moisture value, ash content, HHV (higher heating value), pyrolysis coke. Research results willhelp to find the best biomass pellet and briquette composition for solid biofuel usage. Duringthe research it was found that the lowest moisture value was 98% hay pellets with 2% CaOadditive – 5.79%. Highest amount of ash value was found in 50% straw and 50% haycomposition pellets – 0.021 g. Highest amount of HHV were tested pellets which consisted of98% hay with 2% CaO additives. Highest amount of pyrolysis coke in organic and dry matterwere in 100% yellow straw tested samples.Achieved results will help to estimate material fraction, humidity and composition on biomasspreparation for conversion steps, following biomass usage energy and environmentrequirements. These research results will help to realise further tasks of agricultural biomassusage in practice.

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