The effect of plant growth regulators on productivity of lavender (Lavandula angustifolia Mill.) in the conditions of the Southern Steppe of Ukraine

T. Manushkina¹*, T. Kachanova¹ and M. Samoilenko²

¹Mykolayiv National Agrarian University, Faculty of Agricultural Technologies, Department of Agriculture, Geodesy and Land Management, George Gongadze Str., 9, UA54008 Mykolayiv, Ukraine
²Mykolayiv National Agrarian University, Faculty of Agricultural Technologies, Department of Viticulture and Horticulture, George Gongadze Str., 9, UA54008 Mykolayiv, Ukraine
*Correspondence: latushkina2004@gmail.com

Abstract:

The current state of the essential oil industry in Ukraine requires the expansion of areas for essential oil crops. Nowadays, the demand for natural vegetable raw materials and lavender essential oil is growing. Therefore, the aim of the research was to study the morpho-biological features and productivity of lavender plants by treatment with plant growth regulators Radostim and Stimpo during the third-fifth years of the growing season in the Southern Steppe of Ukraine. The research was conducted during 2018–2020. The material for the research work was lavender plants such as Lavandula angustifolia Mill., the varieties of Sinieva and Vdala. The field experiment was done with the method of split randomized blocks. The research was accompanied by phenological, biometric, structural and laboratory observations in accordance with generally accepted methods. Treatment with the growth regulator Stimpo has the greatest stimulating effect on the processes of growth and productivity in lavender plants. Using this method, the highest yield was formed in all years of vegetation from 6.70 to 7.90 t ha^-1 at standard humidity, which is by 14.8–21.1% more than in the control. The mass fraction of essential oil in vegetable raw materials is quite high (1.85–2.32%), it differs in lavender varieties and does not depend on treatment with plant growth regulators. The largest harvest of essential oil in all years of vegetation was obtained by treating plants with the growth regulator Stimpo from 137.30 up to 147.36 kg ha^-1, which is by 15.9–16.7% more than in the control.

Key words:

Genotype by yield × trait (GYT) biplot analysis for the identification of the superior winter and facultative barley breeding lines

V.M. Hudzenko¹*, A.A., Lysenko¹, L.V. Tsentylo², O.A. Demydov¹, T.P. Polishchuk¹, L.V. Khudolii³, N.M. Buniak⁴, I.V. Fedorenko¹, M.V. Fedorenko¹, V.V. Petrenko⁵, T.V. Yurchenko¹, Y.M. Suddenko¹, V.A. Ishchenko⁶ and H.M. Kozelets⁶

¹The V.M. Remeslo Myronivka Institute of Wheat of National Academy of
Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine, Tsentralnа Str., 68, Tsentralne village, Obukhiv district, UA08853 Kyiv region, Ukraine
²National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine,
Heroiv Oborony Str., 12, UA 03041 Kyiv, Ukraine
³Ukrainian Institute for Plant Variety Examination, Henerala Rodymtseva Str., 15,
UA 03041 Kyiv, Ukraine
⁴Nosivka Plant Breeding and Experimental Station of the V.M. Remeslo Myronivka Institute of Wheat of National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine, Myru Str., 1, Doslidne village, Nosivka district, UA 17131 Chernihiv region, Ukraine
⁵Institute of Food Resources of National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine, Yevhena Sverstiuka Str., 4A, UA02002 Kyiv, Ukraine
⁶Institute of Agriculture of Steppe of National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine, Tsentralnа Str., 2, Sozonivka village, Kropyvnytskyi district, UA 27602 Kirovohrad region, Ukraine
*Corresponding author e-mail: barley22@ukr.net

Abstract:

In the present study, in a panel of promising winter and facultative barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) breeding lines, the peculiarities of yield performance and its combination with resistance (tolerance) to the most common under conditions of the Ukrainian Forest-Steppe abiotic and biotic stresses have been determined. In 2016-17–2018-19 the breeding lines were differentiated based on grain yield, thousand kernel weight, frost resistance, leakage of electrolytes, relative drought tolerance, lodging resistance, and resistance to powdery mildew (caused by Blumeria graminis (DC.) E. O. Speer, f. sp. hordei emend. É. J. Marchal (anamorph Oidium monilioides Link)), spot blotch (caused by Cochliobolus sativus (anamorph Bipolaris sorokiniana [Sacc.] Shoem.)), and leaf rust (caused by Puccinia hordei Otth.). GYT (genotype by yield × trait) biplot model was used for comprehensive evaluation of the breeding lines by a combination of yield with a complex of traits. As a result, the winter breeding line ‘Pallidum 5096’ and facultative breeding line ‘Pallidum 5110’ superior to others in terms of yield × traits combinations have been identified. These breeding lines as new varieties ‘MIP Atlas’ and ‘MIP Yanus’ accordingly have been submitted to the Ukrainian Institute for Plant Variety Examination for further State Qualification Examination. The winter (‘Pallidum 5134’, ‘Pallidum 5097’, ‘Pallidum 5024’, ‘Pallidum 5090’, and ‘Pallidum 5130’) and facultative (‘Pallidum 5153’, ‘Pallidum 5102’, ‘Pallidum 5126’, and ‘Pallidum 5131’) breeding lines can be used as valuable genetic sources in breeding programs in Ukraine and some other Central a nd Eastern European countries.

Key words:

Disease resistance, drought tolerance, frost resistance, Hordeum vulgare L.