Tag Archives: growth

155-158 L. Buskienė, N. Uselis and J. Lanauskas
Possibilities of weed control with herbicide Basta 150 SL in a young apple tree orchard
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Possibilities of weed control with herbicide Basta 150 SL in a young apple tree orchard

L. Buskienė¹, N. Uselis² and J. Lanauskas²

¹Lithuanian Institute of Horticulture, Kauno 30, LT–54333 Babtai, Kaunas distr., Lithuania;e–mail: l.buskiene@lsdi.lt
²Lithuanian Institute of Horticulture, Kauno 30, LT–54333 Babtai, Kaunas distr., Lithuania;e–mail: institutas@lsdi.lt

Abstract:

The effect of herbicide Basta 150 SL (a.i. ammonium glufosinate) on weed control in a 3–4 year–old apple tree orchard was investigated at the Lithuanian Institute of Horticulture in 2004–2005. Basta 150 SL was applied at the rates 3.0 l ha-1 and 6.0 l ha-1, standard herbicide Roundup 360 SL – at the rate 3.0 l ha-1. Herbicides were applied twice over the growing season: the first application, until beginning of flowering, the second , when weeds had grown to 10–15 cm. Control plots were not treated with herbicides. Apple tree growth, weed species composition, weed number and weed fresh weight were measured.The most effective for weed control were 6.0 l ha-1 of Basta 150 SL and 3.0 l ha-1 ofRoundup 360 SL. They killed respectively 80.4–95.3% and 84.7–87.7% of weeds. Dandelions, (Taraxacum officinale L.), the prevailing weeds , were killed successfully with both herbicides. The lowest weed fresh weight was after 6.0 l ha-1 of Basta 150 SL application – 3.2%. Phytotoxic effect of herbicide Basta 150 SL on apple trees was not observed. When herbicides were applied apple tree shoot length increased by 1.4–1.9 times. Weed fresh weight had higher impact on shoot length than the total number of weeds.

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207–215 L. Miliuviene, L. Novickiene, V. Gaveliene, I. Brazauskiene and L. Pakalniškyte
Possibilities to use growth regulators in winter oilseed rape growing technology
1. The effect of retardant analogues on oilseed rape growth
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Possibilities to use growth regulators in winter oilseed rape growing technology
1. The effect of retardant analogues on oilseed rape growth

L. Miliuviene¹, L. Novickiene¹, V. Gaveliene¹, I. Brazauskiene² and L. Pakalniškyte¹

¹Institute of Botany, Žaliuju ežeru 49, Lithuania; e-mail: leonida@botanika.lt
²Lithuanian Institute of Agriculture, Dotnuva - Akademia, Lithuania

Abstract:

The effect of growth regulators – derivatives of the diethylamine chloride 3-DEC and morpholinium chloride 17-DMC – on the growth and productivity of the winter oilseed rape ‘Kasimir F1’ was studied.
3-DEC and 17-DMC have been found to exert positive effect on the growth and development of the oilseed rape ‘Kasimir F1’ in autumn: it induced the growth of root collum, accumulation of monosaccharides in its tissues, leaf and root system formation, enhanced the endurance of this culture to wintering. Under the effect of these compounds applied in spring, stem growth was retarded and stem diameter as well as stem primary cortex ring and stele width increased, resulting in enhanced endurance to lodging. Thus, the compounds 3-DEC and 17-DMC, by modifying oilseed rape growth in autumn and influencing oilseed rape growth in spring, influenced the development of productivity elements. The extra seed yield under the effect of 3-DEC (250 g ha-1) and 17-DMC (500 g ha-1) in autumn was 350 and 455 kg ha-1, and in spring 496 and 406 kg ha-1, the control yield being 2,300 kg ha-1.

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37–44 H. Jänes and A. Pae
First results of a dwarfing plum rootstocks trial
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First results of a dwarfing plum rootstocks trial

H. Jänes¹ and A. Pae²

¹Polli Horticultural Institute of the Estonian Agricultural University, 69104 Karksi-Nuia, Viljandimaa, Estonia; e-mail: heljo11@hot.ee
²Department of Horticulture of the Estonian Agricultural University, Kreutzwaldi 64, 51014 Tartu, Estonia

Abstract:

For many years, Prunus cerasifera Ehrh. seedlings of high vigour have been the most widespread seedling rootstock in Estonia. Plum growers are interested in less vigorous plum rootstocks which are productive with good fruit quality, easily harvested, early fruiting and less expensive to manage. In a new experiment (a collaborative project together with Latvian, Lithuanian and Byelorussian scientists), two plum cultivars, Queen Victoria and Kubanskaya Kometa, grafted onto 16 different rootstocks:Prunus Ackermann, Prunus Brompton, Prunus Brompton S, Prunus G 5–22, Prunus marianna GF 8–1, Prunus St. Julien A, Prunus St. Julien GF 655/2, Prunus St. Julien INRA 2, Prunus St. Julien Noir, Prunus St. Julien d’Orleans, Prunus St. Julien Wädenswill, Prunus Pixy, Prunus domestica Wangenheims, Prunus cerasifera ‘Hamyra’, P. cerasifera (local) and P. cerasifera myrobalana, were planted in an orchard in spring 2001. The objectives of these trials were to give an assessment of newly introduced plum rootstocks and to find out their compatibility with the studied plum cultivars. According to the results obtained in the first growing season, 45 (11.7%) of the 384 trees planted in 2001 died. The lowest tree dimensions both of ‘Queen Victoria’ and ‘Kubanskaya Kometa’ were noted on Prunus St. Julien Wädenswill. Trees of ‘Kubanskaya Kometa’ on different rootstocks started to bear fruit in the 2nd year after planting (except P. cerasifera Hamyra). ‘Kubanskaya Kometa’ trees grown on Prunus St. Julien INRA 2 and Prunus St. Julien Noir produced significantly better first yield than on control rootstocks. ‘Kubanskaya Kometa’ on Prunus St. Julien A and Prunus Pixy gave the largest fruits (41 g and 40.5 g, respectively).

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