Tag Archives: malt

2079-2087 Y. Kretova, L. Tsirulnichenko, N. Naumenko, N. Popova and I. Kalinina
The application of micro-wave treatment to reduce barley contamination
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The application of micro-wave treatment to reduce barley contamination

Y. Kretova*, L. Tsirulnichenko, N. Naumenko, N. Popova and I. Kalinina

South Ural State University, School of Medical Biology, Department of Food and Biotechnology, 85 Lenin Avenue, RU454080 Chelyabinsk, Russia
*Correspondence: kretova555@mail.ru

Abstract:

The goal of this work is to study the applicability of ultra high frequency electromagnetic field treatment for decontaminating barley grain used in brewing while preserving its technological properties. The germination rates and/or yield of the treated sample seed were compared with those of the untreated seed germinated under normal conditions. To determine optimal treatment conditions, a two-factor analysis was carried out, taking the mycological state of the grain into account. The heating rate and the duration of electromagnetic exposure were chosen as variables; these values varied from 0.4 to 0.8 °C s-1 and from 30 to 90 s, respectively. It was found that germination of the treated barley seed was increased about 10.1–15.7% compared with that of the untreated seed. The microbial load decreased up to 80%. A heating rate of 0.4 °C s-1 and treatment exposure time of 30 s showed the strongest effect of decontamination while preserving the viability of the barley grain.

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1486-1492 A. Smejtkova and P. Vaculik
Comparison of power consumption of a two-roll mill and a disc mill
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Comparison of power consumption of a two-roll mill and a disc mill

A. Smejtkova* and P. Vaculik

Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Technological Equipment of Buildings, Kamýcká 129, CZ165 21 Prague 6 – Suchdol, Czech Republic
*Correspondence: smejtkova@tf.czu.cz

Abstract:

Grinding or milling is often used process, for example in the production of feed, grinding of malt in beer production, grinding of cereals on flour, etc. In order to optimize the energy intensity of the whole production process, it is necessary to know the energy consumption of individual processes. The grinding of malt influences the mashing process, the drawing-off and the boiling yield. Correct grain grinding makes the endosperm available for enzyme and physicochemical reactions during wort production. Husks affect the drawing-off process. Two-, four- or six-roll mills, in some cases a hammer mill or disc mill, are most commonly used for grinding of malt. Power consumption was monitored when light, Munich, caramel and coloring malt were grinding. A two-roll mill and a disc mill with engine speeds of 1,500 rpm and 2,800 rpm were used for grinding. The gap between the mill rollers and the mill disks was set to 0.4 mm. The fineness of the grinding was evaluated for all types of malt on all used equipment. The energy intensity of the grinding was correlated on 1.0 kg of malt and then compared.

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614–623 J. Velebil, J. Malalák and J. Bradna
Mass and energetic yields of hydrochar from brewer’s spent grain
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Mass and energetic yields of hydrochar from brewer’s spent grain

J. Velebil*, J. Malalák and J. Bradna

Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Faculty of Engineering, Department of
Technological Equipment of Buildings, Kamýcká 129, CZ 165 21 Prague, Czech Republic
*Correspondence: velebil@tf.czu.cz

Abstract:

 Brewer’s spent grain (BSG) was hydrothermally carbonized at combinations of three temperatures (180 °C, 215 °C, 250 °C) and three reaction times (2 h, 5 h, 12 h). For comparison, the corresponding barley malt was also tested at the same conditions. Elemental composition, volatile matter, ash and heating values were determined for original biomasses as well as resulting hydrochars. The mass yield of dry BSG hydrochar ranged from 45 to 73%. The energetic yield defined as retention of total lower heating value in the hydrochar on dry basis ranged from 66 to 85%. Specific lower heating value of dry material rose from 20.6 MJ kg-1 to 30.3 MJ kg-1 at the most severe conditions. Nitrogen and sulphur content in hydrochar were not strongly dependent on reaction conditions.

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