Influence of feeding area on development, productivity and nutritional value of chicory

O. Tkach¹, H. Pantsyreva²*, O. Ovcharuk³, V. Ovcharuk¹, T. Padalko¹, L. Tkach¹ and O. Аmorcite¹

¹Higher Educational Institution ‘Podillia State University’, Department of postgraduate studies, Shevchenko, 12, UA 32316 Kamianets-Podilskyi, Ukraine
²Vinnytsia National Agrarian University, Faculty of Agronomy and Forestry,
Sonyachna street, 3, UA21008 Vinnytsia, Ukraine
³National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, agrobiological Faculty, Heroiv Oborony, 15, UA03041 Kyiv, Ukraine
*Correspondence: apantsyreva@ukr.net

Abstract:

One of the main agrotechnical measures, which largely depends on the yield and quality of root chicory, is the correct placement of plants on the area. With different methods of sowing, placement schemes make it possible to ensure favorable conditions for plant growth and development and the maximum use of mechanization during the period of care for crops and harvesting. It was determined that the structure of the feeding area of the root chicory plant affects photosynthetic productivity. Therefore, the highest indicators of the net productivity of photosynthesis were distinguished by the placement of plants on the feeding area according to the scheme 45×22.5 cm and 22.5×45 cm, which had a positive effect on the yield of root crops and their content of inulin polysaccharide. The article presents the results of experimental studies that solve the scientific and practical problem of studying the elements of root chicory growing technology due to the optimization of the area of plant nutrition and the uniformity of their placement on productivity and quality indicators. It has been experimentally proven that with an increased rate of photosynthetic potential at a feeding area of 60×60 cm (with a plant density of 30,000 ha, the Umansky-97 variety was 9.2 10³×m^-2 ha^-1 per day, Umansky-99 – 9.3 10³×m^-2 ha^-1 per day with a decrease in the feeding area (45×45, 35×35, 45×22.5 cm), this indicator slightly increased, on average by variety, it was 10.1 to 10.8 10³×m^–2 ha^-1 per day. The highest indicator of inulin content in chicory root crops is the feeding area of 35×35 cm and was in the variety Umansky-97 – 18.5%, Umansky-99 – 18.7%, and the feeding area of 45×22.5 cm – 18.2% and 18.4%, respectively. Similarly, it was recorded that the feeding area of chicory plants significantly affects the yield of root crops. Thus, it was established that from a plant density of 60 to 120 10³× ha^-1, the productivity was on average 30 t ha^-1 with an average weight of the root crop from 500 to 250 g, with an inulin content of 17.3 to 19.0%. According to the structure of the root crop, the productive part occupies on average from 82.7% to 91.6% of the total mass with inulin content from 17.3 to 19.0%.

Key words:

feeding area, photosynthetic productivity, quality indicators, root chicory, variety

Technological characteristics of five new apple cultivars of VNIISPK breeding as raw materials for juice industry

N. Levgerova, E. Salina* and I. Sidorova

Russian Research Institute of Fruit Crop Breeding (VNIISPK), RU302530 Orel, Russia
*Correspondence: salina@vniispk.ru

Abstract:

The data of the technological assessment of the suitability of five new winter apple cultivars of VNIISPK breeding (‘Aleksandr Boyko’, ‘Blagodat’, ‘Vavilovskoye, Ivanovskoye’, ‘Patriot’ and ‘Prazdnichnoye’) for the production of raw materials for juice industry are presented. The main technological indicators characterizing the suitability of the cultivar for juice production were studied: the firmness of the pulp, the yield of juice, the content of soluble solids, sugars, titratable acids and catechins in comparison with the standard cultivar ‘Antonovka’. It was found that all of them were distinguished by a higher content of soluble solids and sugars in the juice than in the standard cultivar, and a lower content of titrated acids, as well as higher tasting ratings. ‘Aleksandr Boyko’ surpassed all studied cultivars in terms of such indicators as juice yield, the content of soluble solids, sugars and catechins in it, besides it was distinguished by low acidity. All studied cultivars, especially ‘Alexandr Boyko’, are promising as raw materials for the juice industry.

Key words: