Optimization of plant densities of dolichos (dolichos lablab L. var. lignosus) bean in the Right-bank of Forest-steppe of Ukraine
¹National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine,
Heroyiv Oborony 15, UA03041 Kyiv, Ukraine
²Estonian University of Life Sciences, Institute of Technology, Kreutzwaldi 56,
EE51006 Tartu, Estonia
*Correspondence: jyri.olt@emu.ee
Abstract:
The density of the plants of Dolichos bean significantly influenced the economically valuable indicators, because there is always competition for light, moisture and nutrients between plants in the life process. The period from mass sprouting to the technical ripeness was reduced with increasing the plant density. Such a pattern was characteristic of all phases of the growth and development of the Dolichos bean. The plants with high population (71 thousand units ha-1) took short period (60 and 119 days) from germination to the beginning of technical and biological ripeness, respectively, turned out to be the earliest ripening crops. The plants are better illuminated, the soil nutrition conditions are improved and the sanitary-hygienic climate of the crops improves with thinned crops, thereby plant productivity has raised. However, the average yield of scapulabeans and unripe Dolichos seeds is regulated by the density of the plants, and increased in density due to the greater number of plants. The optimum density for Dolichos bean was 71 thousand plants per hectare, at which yields of green shoots and green peas were formed 7.3 and 3.3 t ha-1, respectively.
Key words:
beans scapula, dolichos bean, flowering, plant density, ripening beans, sowing scheme, stairs, yield