Tag Archives: Root length

567–578 P. Svoboda, I. Raimanová, R. Duffková, P. Fučík, G. Kurešová and J. Haberle
The effects of irrigation on root density profiles of potato, celery, and wheat
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The effects of irrigation on root density profiles of potato, celery, and wheat

P. Svoboda¹, I. Raimanová¹, R. Duffková², P. Fučík², G. Kurešová¹ and J. Haberle¹*

¹Crop Research Institute, v.v.i, Drnovská 507, CZ161 06 Praha 6, Czech Republic
²Research Institute for Soil and Water Conservation, v.v.i., Žabovřeská 250, CZ15600 Praha 5 - Zbraslav, Czech Republic
*Correspondence: haberle@vurv.cz

Abstract:

Irrigation rate should correspond to the effective root depth, however, crop root growth is influenced by a number of factors, and little data is available on the impact of irrigation. This contribution presents the results of several experiments in which the influence of sprinkler or drip irrigations on root density distribution of shallow, medium and deep rooted crops within the soil profile were studied. Irrigation significantly increased the root density of potato, celery, and wheat in the topsoil zone. On the contrary, at most cases there was only a slightly reduced root density in the subsoil layers. Total root length, to maximum root depth, only increased significantly with drip irrigation in potato. The root depths of these crops were not significantly modified by irrigation. The results suggest that the use of a constant value for the calculation of maximum irrigation depth in a specific crop may not correspond to the variability of root depth nor the distribution in different years or fields.

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501–514 Sh. Nazari, M.A. Aboutalebian and F. Golzardi
Seed priming improves seedling emergence time, root characteristics and yield of canola in the conditions of late sowing
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Seed priming improves seedling emergence time, root characteristics and yield of canola in the conditions of late sowing

Sh. Nazari¹*, M.A. Aboutalebian¹ and F. Golzardi²

¹Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bu-Ali Sina, Hamedan
²Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
*Correspondence: shahram_nazari1986@yahoo.com

Abstract:

In central zones of Iran, late sowing of canola is the major reason of low yield. This yield reduction is principally due to poor crop establishment and root development dynamics because of low temperature prevailing. The present study was conducted to explore the possibility of improving late sown canola performance by seed priming techniques. A field experiment was conducted using five sowing dates (SD) at 10-day intervals from 5-September to 15-October during 2014–2015 and 2015–2016 seasons, three canola cultivars (Okpai, Zarfam and Talayeh) and seed priming strategies were: hydropriming and osmopriming with ZnSO4 for 10 h. Results showed that minimum time to incipient emergence (T0) and time to 50% emergence (T50) was recorded from osmopriming of the optimal SD (5-Sep) by Okapi, Talayeh and Zarfam cultivars, respectively. The maximum root length (RL) was on the 5-Sep, so at that this date under the osmopriming and hydropriming, RL increased by 82 and 61 percent in Okapi, 47 and 43 percent in Zarfam and 58 and 44 percent in Talayeh in both growth seasons compared to control, respectively. Also, maximum root diameter (RD), root surface area density (RSAD) and grain yield (GY) was recorded in Okapi, Zarfam and Talayeh cultivars on the 5-Sep under hydropriming and osmopriming, respectively. Delay sowing significantly affected root dry weight (RDW) and root volume (RV). Maximums of RDW and RV at both seasons were recorded from osmopriming on 5-Sep in Okapi cultivar followed by hydropriming.

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