Dynamics of work accidents incidence by severity, gender and lost workdays in Estonian agricultural sector and sub-sectors in 2008–2017

A. Enn* and E. Merisalu

Estonian University of Life Sciences, Institute of Technology, Fr.R. Kreutzwaldi 56, EE51006 Tartu, Estonia
*Correspondence: anni.enn@student.emu.ee

Abstract:

The risk of dying in a work-related accident is greatest for those employed in agricultural sector. The aim of this study is to analyse the dynamics of work accidents (WA) incidence by severity, gender and lost workdays in Estonian agriculture in 2008–2017. Method: The database of accidents in agriculture (2008–2017) was obtained from the Estonian Labour Inspectorate (ELI). Work accidents statistics is based on official reports of employers. Results: In total 1,683 non-fatal work accidents (NFA) was registered in the past decade, from which 1,235 (79.3%) were minor and 448 (20.7%) severe. In total 13 fatal work accidents (FA) have occurred, which accounts 0.8% of all the WAs (n = 1,696). Although the trends of minor and severe WA cases showed steady increase, the number of FA has remained low. A major part WAs (74%) was registered in farming and horticulture, with prevalence of minor accidents. A severe WA is likely to occur in forestry or very likely in fishery. The proportion of injured male and female was 51.8% and 48.2%, accordingly. In the farming and horticulture sector there were more accidents among women – of all the minor accidents (n = 1,235) 52.1% occurred to women. Of all the severe WAs (n = 448) 61.2% and all the fatal work accidents happened to male workers. About 2/3 of severe WAs caused sick leave 31–90 days and more. Conclusion: The number of WAs in Estonian agricultural sector show steady increase in the past decade. A major part of accidents is minor and mostly occurred in farming and horticulture, and more often with females. Severe and FAs more often occurred in forestry and fishery. Mostly the severe WAs cause long sick leave – a month or more. When to increase work accidents severity level by one step (from minor to severe), the sick leave is increasing significantly.

Key words:

agriculture., gender, injury, occupational accident, severity, sick leave, work-related

Effect of perennial grasses ploughed in as green manure on the occurence of net blotch in spring barley

R. Skuodienė¹ and R. Nekrošienė²

¹Lithuanian Institute of Agriculture, Vėžaičiai Branch, Gargždų 29, LT–96216 Klaipėda distr.,Lithuania; tel: + 370 46 458233; e-mail: rskuod@vezaiciai.lzi.lt
²Botanical Garden of Klaipėda University, Kretingos 92, LT–92327 Klaipėda, Lithuania;e-mail: rita_nekrosiene@mail.ru

Abstract:

Experiments were carried out in the Vėžaičiai Branch of the Lithuanian Institute of Agriculture (West Lithuania) in 2005–2007. The aim of this research was to assess the impact of using perennial legumes (red and white clover, lucerne) and timothy as green manure in crop rotation on the occurence of net blotch disease (causal agent Drechslera teres (Sacc.) Shoem.) in spring barley. Preceding crops of spring barley were winter triticale and winter rye (perennial grasses were preceding crops of these winter cereals). The yearly occurence of net blotch disease was high: incidence was about 70.00–100.00% severity; at the spring barley booting stage (BBCH 37-39) – from 4.45 to 12.25%, at milk maturity stage (BBCH 73-75) – 43.75–70.95%. The variously-managed perennial grasses in the crop rotation had a significant effect on the occurence of net blotch: the spring barley grown after timothy was 1.1–1.5 times less affected in 2005 and 2007, compared to the spring barley grown after red and white clovers, and about 1.2 times less affected grown after lucerne, compared with spring barley grown after other grasses in 2006.

Key words: