Tag Archives: slurry

1150–1158 E. Shalavina, A. Briukhanov and R. Uvarov
Effective application of mass balance method: case of organic fertiliser produced from pig slurry
Abstract |
Full text PDF (281 KB)

Effective application of mass balance method: case of organic fertiliser produced from pig slurry

E. Shalavina*, A. Briukhanov and R. Uvarov

Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM”, branch in Saint Petersburg, Department of Agroecological Engineering, Filtrovskoje shosse, 3, p.o. Tiarlevo, RU196625 Saint Petersburg, Russia
*Correspondence: shalavinaev@mail.ru

Abstract:

The study aimed to verify the applicability of the mass balance method in calculating quantity and quality of an organic fertiliser produced from unseparated pig slurry in a pig-fattening complex in the Leningrad Region. The amount of manure at ex-animal level and its nutrient content, required for further calculations of ex-housing manure and resulting organic fertiliser at ex-storage, were calculated by applied diets and feed DM digestibility. Calculated values were compared with the norms from relevant Russian regulatory documents. The regulatory values of manure nitrogen were 22% smaller than the calculated ones. On the contrary, the standard values of manure phosphorus and potassium exceeded the calculated ones by 72% and 73%, respectively. The nutrient content of the organic fertiliser was calculated by the farm data on pig housing and slurry processing systems. The values calculated by the mass balance method were compared with those from the analysis reports issued by the certified laboratory. The difference did not exceed 20%: 11.2% for N, 13.3% for P, and 18.7% for K. This way, the mass balance method can be effectively used for calculating the characteristics of pig slurry-based organic fertiliser. On the contrary, the data from the current regulatory manure management documents showed the low reliability in the part of the physicochemical properties of fattening pig manure. These documents do not take into account the changes in the fattening pig diets with modern special concentrated feeds, which have a major effect on the manure nutrient content.

Key words:

, , , ,



1479–1486 E. Shalavina, A. Briukhanov, E. Vasilev, R. Uvarov and A. Valge
Variation in the mass and moisture content of solid organic waste originating from a pig complex during its fermentation
Abstract |
Full text PDF (444 KB)

Variation in the mass and moisture content of solid organic waste originating from a pig complex during its fermentation

E. Shalavina*, A. Briukhanov, E. Vasilev, R. Uvarov and A. Valge

Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM (FSAC VIM) 3, Filtrovskoje Shosse p.o. Tiarlevo, RU196625 Saint Petersburg, Russia
*Correspondence: shalavinaev@mail.ru

Abstract:

The focus of the study was the fermentation of an organic waste mixture originating from a pig-rearing complex. The organic waste was processed in the laboratory-scale drum fermenter. Through the fermentation process, the fermented material was weighed by a system of four strain gauges installed under the fermenter. In our previous study, the following initial mixture characteristics were justified to have the fermentation process going – 65% to 70% moisture content and 400–600 kg m-3 density. The optimal operation mode of the fermenter was identified depending on the initial mixture composition – aeration frequency of 5 min h-1; air consumption of 11.3 m3 h-1 per 1.7 m3 of the fermenter volume; drum rotation interval – three times every 12 hours. Under this operating mode, the mass loss was 3% already on the third fermentation day and 7% – on the fifth day. As a result, the mass of the finished organic fertiliser was 9% smaller than that of the loaded mixture. The moisture content of the processed material also decreased: under the average moisture content of the loaded mixture of 68.7%, the average moisture content of the organic fertiliser was 66.4%. Based on the resulting experimental data, the mathematical models describing the dependence of the mass and moisture content of the processed material on the fermentation time were created. The study outcomes allow concluding that the solid-state aerobic fermentation is one of the promising options for the utilisation of the solid fraction of pig slurry.

Key words:

, , , , ,



331-342 M. Luna-del Risco, A. Normak and K. Orupõld
Biochemical methane potential of different organic wastes and energy crops from Estonia
Abstract |
Full text PDF (84 KB)

Biochemical methane potential of different organic wastes and energy crops from Estonia

M. Luna-del Risco¹, A. Normak¹ and K. Orupõld¹²

¹Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences. Kreutzwaldi 5, 51014 Tartu, Estonia
²Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences
e-mail: 1 mario.luna@emu.ee, 1 argo.normak@emu.ee, 1,2 kaja.orupold@emu.ee

Abstract:

 The biochemical methane potential (BMP) of different Estonian substrates as alternative sources for biogas production was studied. For this purpose, the BMP test was carried out in batch mode at mesophilic temperature (36°C). Substrates were divided into 2 groups: agricultural substrates (silage, hay, cattle and pig slurry) and food industry residues (milk, brewery and cereal industry residues). Methane yields obtained were between 286–319 L kgVS-1 for silage and hay, 238–317 L kgVS-1 for animal slurry and 272–714 L kgVS-1 for agro-industrial wastes. The highest methane yield was obtained from sour cream (714    L kgVS-1), the lowest (238 L kgVS-1) from cattle slurry. In overall, our results suggest that all tested substrates can be treated anaerobically and are potential sources for the production of methane.

Key words:

, , , , ,



387-396 K. Tamm and R. Vettik
Case study: Economics of spring feeding in grassland
Abstract |
Full text PDF (195 KB)

Case study: Economics of spring feeding in grassland

K. Tamm and R. Vettik

Estonian Research Institute of Agriculture, Teaduse 13, Saku, Estonia;e-mail: Kalvi.Tamm@neti.ee

Abstract:

Change in world energy prices influences the price of mineral fertilisers. To meet the globally growing need for food farmers are extending the production of milk and meat, facilitating thereby an increase in manure production. The distance of the grassland from the farm centre and fertiliser prices influences farmers’ choices regarding the art and logistics of fertilising. The aim of this study is to compose a calculation model to compare the economic aspects of different fertilising options considering the grassland distance and the art of fertilising. The model contains components from the method applied to evaluate the rationality of exploitation of a field, considering the costs pertaining to field distance. Spring N feeding of grassland was simulated and five technologies were compared with the model.In calculations it was presumed that manure comes from a farm’s own production and thecosts arise only from hauling and distribution. In comparison with mineral fertiliser, these costs increase with driving distance; therefore it is economical to use only manure near the farm compound. In average Estonian forage production conditions, the N rate 75 kg ha-1 minimum value using cattle slurry distribution with a shallow injection system is more economical than using mineral fertiliser.It can be also concluded that compared to a distributor, using a tank truck for haulingslurry is beneficial on farther parcels (under the conditions in the simulation, farther than 4.2 5 km), as in those cases the hourly operation cost of the slurry distributor is very high.

Key words:

, , , ,