Influence of weather condtion on the field peas (PisumsativumL.ssp. sativum) vegetation period and yield
¹Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Bashkir State Agrarian University”, Department ofPlant Growing, Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, 50 Anniversary of October Str., 34, RU450001 Ufa, Russia
²Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Bashkir State Agrarian University”, Laboratory of Biochemical Analysis and Biotechnology, 50 Anniversary of October Str., 34, RU450001 Ufa, Russia
Abstract:
Field pea (Pisumsativum L. ssp. sativum) is a universal pulse crop. One of the actual problems in its production is the influence of weather condition on the variability of pea economic characters and its properties. The purpose of the research (2009–2018) was to compare the vegetation period and interstage periods of the Hangildin and Chishminskiy 229 pea varieties with weather condition and seed yield. According to the results of the conducted research, it can be seen that the duration of the vegetation period and the yield of field pea grain was influenced by weather condition. The average daily air temperature affected the duration of the sowingsprouting period in pea varieties Hangildin and Chishminskiy 229. The duration of the two periods (sprouting-flowering and flowering-ripeness) was influenced by features of the used varieties and the temperature condition (r = -0.472, the link is significant and r = -0.788). The duration of the sprouting-ripeness period depended on the average daily temperatures (r = -0.481), the amount of precipitation (r = 0.937), and the HTC (hydrothermal coefficient) (r = 0.927). Precipitation increased the duration of the full vegetation period (r = 0.892). On average, over 10 years of research on field pea it should be noted that there wasa close relationship between the duration of its vegetation period (r = 0.844), the duration of the flowering-ripeness period (r = 0.679) and the yield of seeds. The relationship between the seed yield and the sowing – sprouting period (r = 0.451) and between the seed yield and the sprouting – flowering period (r = 0.446) was revealed. The connection was found positive. The connection with the average daily air temperature of this period was negative (r = -0.213). The results of the research can be successfully used during cultivation of domestic and foreign varieties of field pea. In international practice, the results of this experiment can be successfully applied in selective improvement of field pea and the development of new, high-tech varieties.
Key words:
field pea, variety, vegetation period, weather condition, yield