Tag Archives: agroforestry

208–222 I. Didur, O. Tkachuk, S. Lutkovska, H. Pantsyreva, Ya. Сhabanіuk, I. Senyk, Yu. Shkatula, L. Pelekh
Clarification of the limits of the impact of forest shelterbelts on corn yield under climate change
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Clarification of the limits of the impact of forest shelterbelts on corn yield under climate change

I. Didur¹, O. Tkachuk¹, S. Lutkovska¹, H. Pantsyreva¹*, Ya. Сhabanіuk², I. Senyk³, Yu. Shkatula¹, L. Pelekh¹

¹Vinnytsia National Agrarian University, Educational and Scientific Institute of Agrotechnology and Environmental Sciences, Sonyachna street, 3, UA21008 Vinnytsia, Ukraine
²Institute of Agrobiology, UA03067 Kyiv, Ukraine
³West Ukrainian National University, Ternopil, UA46009, Ukraine
*Correspondence: apantsyreva@ukr.net

Abstract:

In modern climatic and economic conditions, the effectiveness of the agroforestry reclamation system, in particular shelterbelts, in Ukraine remains insufficient. The main confirmation of this is the instability and decrease in crop yields in years with adverse weather conditions. Given the trends of global warming, when almost every agricultural year is characterized by increased aridity, temperature anomalies and moisture deficiency, the importance of shelterbelts in regulating the microclimate of agrolandscapes is significantly increasing. At the same time, scientific research aimed at determining the spatial boundaries and intensity of the impact of forest belts on crop productivity in new climatic realities is limited. Field research was conducted during 2022–2024 within the right-bank part of the Forest-Steppe Zone of Ukraine on black soil. About 25 shelterbelts of various types and designs were selected for analysis. The object of the study was corn, for which both yield indicators and the main biometric characteristics of plants were evaluated. The influence of the main and auxiliary windbreaks was studied at distances of 1, 10, 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 m in the direction perpendicular to the windbreaks. At each of the specified distances, the density of productive stems, the average height of plants, the mass of a thousand grains, the number, length and diameter of per plant, as well as the total yield of corn grain were determined. The results of the studies showed that the highest yield indicators were formed at a distance of about 300 m from the main windbreak, where they exceeded the level at a distance of 500 m by 21.0%. Stable high yield values were observed in the zone of 100–300 m. On average, corn productivity near (at a distance of 100-300 m) the main forest belts was 22.6% higher than in the zone of influence of auxiliary plantations. The maximum yield near the auxiliary blowing forest belt was noted at a distance of 100 m, after which its gradual decrease was recorded.

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589-602 S. Rancane, K. Makovskis, D. Lazdina, M. Daugaviete, I. Gutmane and P. Berzinš
Analysis of economical, social and environmental aspects of agroforestry systems of trees and perennial herbaceous plants
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Analysis of economical, social and environmental aspects of agroforestry systems of trees and perennial herbaceous plants

S. Rancane¹*, K. Makovskis², D. Lazdina², M. Daugaviete², I. Gutmane¹ and P. Berzinš¹

¹LLU Research Institute of Agriculture, Zemkop bas instituts 7, Skr veri, Latvia
2Latvia State Forest Research Institute Silava, Rigas 11, Salaspils, Latvia; *Correspondence: 1sarmite.rancane@inbox.lv

Abstract:

The aim of this study was to determine the economic, social and environmental aspects, that promote choosing an agroforestry system and continuing agricultural production instead of simple afforestation of agricultural land. Material for the study was collected in an experimental demo field located in the central part of Latvia (56°41 N and 25°08 E) established in the spring of 2011, nearby Skr veri. Two legumes – fodder galega (Galega orientalis Lam.) ‘Gale’, poor-alkoloid lupine (Lupinus polyphyllus L.) ‘Valfrids’ and two perennial grass cultivars – reed canary grass (RCG) (Phalaris arundinacea L.) ‘Bamse’ and festulolium (x Festulolium pabulare) ‘Felina’ were sown between the tree rows and in monoculture on drained mineral soil. Four different fertilisation treatments for herbaceous plants – control (without fertiliser), mineral fertilisers, wastewater sludge and wood ash were used. Biomass, seed yield, agricultural management cost have been investigated since the establishment of experiment in 2011. Potential benefits from growing herbaceous plants for seed, biomass production and possible future income from tree wood and non-wood goods were calculated. Management cost of agroforestry system, plantation forest and traditional sowing were analyzed. The growth of herbaceous plants for seed production together with hybrid aspen in agroforestry system during a 5 year period has a positive balance with all types of fertilisers. The growth of herbaceous plants in a monoculture for biomass production in a 3 year period had a positive balance for all types of organic fertilisations at both cutting frequencies. Positive balance by applying mineral fertiliser was achieved only at two-cut cutting regime.

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13-24 A. Bardule,, S. Rancane, I. Gutmane, P. Berzins, V. Stesele, D. Lazdina and A. Bardulis
The effect of fertiliser type on hybrid aspen increment and seed yield of perennial grass cultivated in the agroforestry system
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The effect of fertiliser type on hybrid aspen increment and seed yield of perennial grass cultivated in the agroforestry system

A. Bardule¹,*, S. Rancane², I. Gutmane², P. Berzins², V. Stesele², D. Lazdina¹ and A. Bardulis¹

¹Latvia State Forest Research Institute ‘Silava’, Riga street 111, Salaspils, Latvia;
*Correspondence: arta.bardule@silava.lv
²LLU Research Institute of Agriculture, Zemkopibas instituts 7, Skriveri, Latvia

Abstract:

Agroforestry is a perspective way of biomass production which combines simultaneous growing of woody plants with agricultural crops on the same area for different purposes. The advantage of agroforestry lies in the improved efficiency of resource utilisation and smaller competition of plants for nutrients. In this system the woody plants are less influenced by lasting periods of drought, and a stable annual increase in biomass is ensured. Accordingly, agroforestry is biologically more productive, economically – more favourable, and it is more sustainable than the monocultures of forestry or agriculture separately. The work was done to test the effect of fertiliser type on the increment of two clones of hybrid aspen (Populus tremuloides x Populus tremula) and the seed yield of perennial grasses (Phalaris arundinacea L., x Festulolium pabulare) and legumes (Lupinus polyphyllus L., Galega orientalis Lam.) cultivated in the agroforestry system on loam/sandy soils. Fertilisers used at the planting were wastewater sludge (dose 10 tDM ha-1) and wood ash (dose 6 tDM ha-1). Wastewater sludge fertilisation increased the stem length of hybrid aspen by 20% after the first growing season. The effect of wastewater sludge fertilisation on stem length was still significant after the second growing season. Soil and soil solution analysis indicated that the main Hybrid aspen growth response was due to the P and N supplied by fertiliser. Reed canary grass (RCG), festulolium and fodder galega can be successfully cultivated for seeds in the first year of use, locating the crop fields in the plantations of energy plants interchangeably with trees. The use of wastewater sludge provided an essential increase in seed yields for all species of herbaceous plants. However, the influence of fertilisers on the grass species was different: the greatest increase in seed yields was established by the use of wastewater sludge in RCG, mineral fertiliser in festulolium, and ash in galega, and the fertilisation provided the seed yield increase of 136%, 31% and 163%, respectively.

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