Tag Archives: Zea mays L.

551-559 L. Prysiazhniuk, Y. Honcharov, S. Melnyk and O. Kliachenko
The selection of maize parent lines within marker assisted selection (MAS) by crtRB1-3’TE marker for Steppe zone of Ukraine
Abstract |
Full text PDF (314 KB)

The selection of maize parent lines within marker assisted selection (MAS) by crtRB1-3’TE marker for Steppe zone of Ukraine

L. Prysiazhniuk¹*, Y. Honcharov², S. Melnyk¹ and O. Kliachenko³

¹Ukrainian Institute for Plant Variety Examination, Henerala Rodimtseva Str. 15, UA03041 Kyiv, Ukraine
²Research Institute of Agrarian Business, Tokova Str. 2A, UA52502 Vesele village Dnipro region, Ukraine
³National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Faculty of Plant Protection, Biotechnology and Ecology, Heroiv Oborony Str. 15, UA03041 Kyiv, Ukraine
*Correspondence: prysiazhniuk_l@ukr.net

Abstract:

Maize has a large genotypic diversity and a broad scale of economically important traits. Therefore, it is extremely important for breeding to obtain hybrids which can ensure high yield even under severe growing conditions, such as in Steppe zone of Ukraine. This study aimed to determine the optimal allele ratio by crtRB1-3’TE marker in parental components of maize modified hybrids. There were investigated four hundred sixteen maize hybrids which are modified hybrids of heterotic model (Iodent × Iodent) × Lancaster germplasm. SCA (specific combining ability) effects for grain yield and grain moisture content were calculated in maize hybrids with different allele combinations of crtRB1 gene. As results, the stable positive SCA effects were calculated for hybrids with allele combination (296 bp + 875 bp) × 543 bp × 296+875 bp during both 2019 and 2020 (1.23 and 0.99 t ha-1, respectively). The lowest SCA effects for grain moisture content were obtained for modified hybrids with allele combination (543 bp × 543) × 296 + 875 bp both in 2019 and 2020 (-0.54 and -0.36%, respectively). The greatest influence SCA effects for grain yield had the interaction of allele combinations and year weather conditions (39%),
the impact the allele combinations was 36%. The year weather conditions had the greatest impact on SCA effects for grain moisture content (44%), the allele combination (36%). Thus,
it was determined that SCA effects for studied indicators of heterotic model (Iodent × Iodent) × Lancaster under contrasting weather condition are resulted from both genotypes of hybrid parents and favourable allele presence.

Key words:

, , , ,



1424–1432 L. Prysiazhniuk, Y. Honcharov, S. Chernii, S. Hryniv and S. Melnyk
The use of DNA markers for the evaluation of maize lines and hybrids based on cytoplasmic male sterility
Abstract |
Full text PDF (497 KB)

The use of DNA markers for the evaluation of maize lines and hybrids based on cytoplasmic male sterility

L. Prysiazhniuk¹*, Y. Honcharov², S. Chernii¹, S. Hryniv¹ and S. Melnyk¹

¹Ukrainian Institute for Plant Variety Examination, Henerala Rodymtseva Str. 15, UA03041 Kyiv, Ukraine
²Research Institute of Agrarian Business, Berezynska Str. 80, UA49130 Dnipro, Ukraine
*Correspondence: prysiazhniuk_l@ukr.net

Abstract:

The use of cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) is very important for the production of maize hybrids. The new inbred lines and hybrids of maize of Ukrainian breeding were studied. In the field, four pairs of sterile analogue of line RL106S were obtained during four backcrossing (17М, 19М, 23М, 27М and 29М) and maintainer lines of RL106fS (18М, 20М, 24М, 28М and 30М) for S type cytoplasm and RL108C (195С, 201С, 205С, 207С, 209С) і RL108fC (196С, 202С, 206С, 208С, 210С) for C type respectively. For S type, the following combinations were obtained: RL23S×RL106fS, RL107S×RL106fS, RL98S×RL106fS, RL105S×RL106fS, RL113S×RL106fS and for C type: RL109C×RL108fC, RL110C×RL108fC, RL112C×RL108fC, RL114C×RL108fC, RL115C×RL108fC. The obtained hybrid combinations were planted the following year in a control nursery for field trials. According to the results of the field assessment, all the hybrids were sterile. The types of sterility of the studied lines and hybrids were determined using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with specific primers for C and S types of cytoplasms. The presence of specific amplicons 398 and 799 bp was determined in sterile lines with C and S types of cytoplasm, respectively. Amplicons 398 and 799 bp were identified in simple-cross and simple reconstituted hybrids on a sterile basis, and can be used to determine the type of hybrid and its maternal component at the stages of selection and examination of new hybrids.

Key words:

, ,



88–99 L. Hlisnikovský, P. Barlog, E .Kunzová, M. Vach and L. Menšík
Biomass yield of silage maize, fertilizers efficiency, and soil properties under different soil-climate conditions and fertilizer treatments
Abstract |
Full text PDF (326 KB)

Biomass yield of silage maize, fertilizers efficiency, and soil properties under different soil-climate conditions and fertilizer treatments

L. Hlisnikovský¹, P. Barlog², E .Kunzová¹, M. Vach¹ and L. Menšík³

¹Division of Crop Management System, team Management of Nutrients in Agrosystems, Crop Research Institute, Drnovská 507, CZ161 01 Prague 6, Czech Republic
²Poznan University of Life Sciences, Department of Agricultural Chemistry and Environmental Biogeochemistry, Wojska Polskiego 71F, PL60-625 Poznan, Poland
³Division of Crop Management System, team Sustainable Management and Utilization of Permanent Grassland, Crop Research Institute, K.H. Borovského 461, CZ569 43 Jevíčko, Czech Republic

Abstract:

We evaluated the efficiency (the netto agronomic efficiency – NAE, the physiological efficiency – PE, and the apparent recovery efficiency – ARE) of farmyard manure (FYM) applied alone, and together with mineral N (FYM+N), and NPK (FYM+NPK), on the biomass production of silage maize at three localities (Caslav, Ivanovice, Lukavec) in the Czech Republic, characterised by different soil-climate conditions. The effect of fertilizer treatment on soil chemical properties was also analyzed. After four years of evaluation, the application of FYM resulted in comparable biomass production as in the FYM+N, and FYM+NPK treatments, showing the good ability of the mineralized FYM to provide enough nutrients during the growing season. Increasing doses of applied nutrients were connected with higher biomass production. However, no significant differences were recorded between fertilizer treatments. The efficiency of applied nutrients was higher on soils of worst quality (sandy loamy Cambisol – Lukavec), while lower on naturally fertile loamy degraded Chernozem (Ivanovice). But again, no significant differences between the selected parameters were recorded. Although the application of mineral fertilizers has not increased maize biomass yield significantly, they positively affected soil chemical properties, mainly the soil concentration of P, K, Mg, and soil organic carbon content. This shows the beneficial effect of the application of mineral fertilizers, especially in the Czech Republic, where the application of mineral P and K decreased drastically during the last thirty years.

Key words:

, , , ,